English

Seite 1

Situational Writing

FORMAL LETTER

Write the date in the top right.

Begin with the salutation "Dear __,"

Give a title after "Re:"

Use the Complimentary Close "Yours sincerely," if you know the recipient(s) personally, or "Yours faithfully," if you do not.

Phrase your words politely, even if it is a complaint.

You must write your first name and last name at the end even if it is not given.

INFORMAL LETTER

Write the date in the top right

You may begin with a Salutation other than "Dear __," such as "Hi __!" or "Hello __!" but you must be mindful of the punctuation used.

Use the Complimentary Close "Regards", "Best Regards" or "Best wishes"

After the Salutation, include a greeting, e.g. "How are you?" or "How have you been?"

You may write your first name only

LETTER FORMAT

5 May 2019 {Date}

Dear Rachel, {Salutation}

How are you? {Greeting} I am writing this letter to you to ___. {Purpose}

{Content - Cover all points}

Hope to see you there! {Link back to purpose}

Regards, {Complimentary Close}

Truffle *no full stop

EMAIL

Begin with a Salutation as above.

Clearly, state the purpose of the email.

Take note of the tone.

End with a Complimentary Close as above.

EMAIL FORMAT

Dear Manager of The Book Emporium, {Salutation}

I am writing this email to __ {Purpose}.

{Content - Cover all points}

I hope you will __. {Link back to purpose}

Yours faithfully, {Complimentary Close}

Truffle Chestnut *no full stop

REPORT

Write "To:" and the recipient's name and position; do not use "Dear __,"

Write a title summarising the subject of the report.

End your report with a sentence like "I hope that this information is useful in your investigation.

If you are the Head Prefect, sign off as such. Otherwise, state your own name.

REPORT FORMAT

To: Mr Lim

Principal

Green Ping Pong Ball School

(Title:)Report on __

{Content - cover all points}

Head Prefect

Class 6Z

Seite 2

Synthesis and Transformation

REPORTED SPEECH

Tense

Present - Past

Present continuous - Past continuous (is _ing - was _ing)

Present perfect - Past perfect (has _ed - had _ed)

Present perfect continuous - no change (had been _)

Past - Past Perfect (_ed - had _ed)

Past continuous - Past perfect continuous (was _ing - had been _ing)

Past perfect - no change (had _ed)

Future - Past (will _ - would _)

Time

Today - That day

Yesterday - The previous day

Tomorrow - The next/following day

Next week/year etc. - The next/following week/year etc.

Last week/year etc. - The previous week/year etc.

Other info

Yes/No Question - If/Whether

Fact - no change in tenses

Command - told [receiver] to...

CONCORD?

Neither... nor/Either... or - Refer to back noun

e.g. Neither Ali nor his classmates are going on the field trip.

None of... - Singular(No one)

RELATIVE CLAUSES

Who - after a subject

Whom - after a subject, followed by another subject

e.g. The artist whom you talked to yesterday is also a musician.

Whose - after a subject, indicates that the following item belongs to the subject prior

Which - after an item

When - indicates time

That - after a subject or item

OTHER THINGS TO NOTE

Much to his/her/their/our/its..., [person]*cannot be reversed

e.g. Much to her amazement, the little girl climbed to the top of the hill.

Seite 3

Comprehension

What - an object, situation, condition or feeling.

e.g. What made the author sad?

The author's low marks on her recent test made her sad.

Where - a place

e.g. Where was the author's dog when she came home?

The author's dog was at the veterinary clinic when the author came home.

Why - a reason

e.g. Why was the author initially reluctant to pick up the call from her father?

The author thought that her father would only have more bad news to tell her and she did not want to hear it.

Which - a choice between multiple things, places or people

e.g. Which dog treat did the author choose in the end?

The author chose the bacon-flavoured dog treat.

When - time

e.g. When did the author finally reach the veterinary clinic?

The author reached the veterinary clinic an hour after she left home.

How - the method used to do something

e.g. How did the author find out about her dog's situation?

The author received a call from her father about her dog's situation.