Exam 3

1. 1As atmospheric concentrations of CO2 increase, ______ CO2 dissolves into the oceans making the oceans more ________.

   1. ALess; basic
   2. Bmore; basic
   3. Cless; acidic
   4. Dmore; acidic
2. 2Burning coal, oil, and natural gas as an energy source moves carbon from the _____ carbon cycle to the _____ carbon cycle.

   1. Afast, fast
   2. Bfast, slow
   3. Cslow, fast
   4. Dslow, slow
3. 3Which type of power plant produces the most CO2 emissions

   1. ACoal
   2. BThey produce the same amount
   3. CNatural Gas
4. 4Humans burn coal, petroleum, and natural gas to release energy and do lots of work. What is the original source of energy that is stored in coal, petroleum, and natural gas?

   1. AThe energy released by burning coal, petroleum, and natural gas was originally captured by ocean waves.
   2. BThe energy released by burning coal, petroleum, and natural gas was originally captured when the moon split
      from the Earth.
   3. CThe energy released by burning coal, petroleum, and natural gas was originally captured from the core of the
      planet.
   4. DThe energy released by burning coal, petroleum, and natural gas was originally captured by ancient
      photosynthetic organisms.
5. 5Ocean dwelling invertebrates and salt-water fish are two groups of animals that are experiencing very high extinction rates over the past 150 years. Which of the following statements could help explain why species of both ocean dwelling invertebrates and salt-water fish are going extinct.

   1. ADue to increased greenhouse gasses, there is more sunlight hitting the ocean and ocean temperatures are rising.
   2. BMore rain due to increased amounts of water vapor in the atmosphere.
   3. CUnderwater volcanos are erupting more than at any other time in Earth’s history.
   4. DChanging ocean pH due to increased atmospheric CO2 levels.
6. 6Up to 40% of fresh water fish species are threatened or already extinct. Which of the following factors is contributing to the increased rate of fresh water fish species extinction?

   1. AIncreasing human demand on fresh-water sources
   2. BThe damming of rivers
   3. CSpread of Invasion species
   4. DAll of the above
7. 7Which of the following carbon reservoirs has the MOST carbon in it?

   1. ACarbon in the deep earth in sediment and rocks
   2. Bcarbon in the oceans
   3. Ccarbon in the atmosphere
   4. Dcarbon in the topsoil
8. 8Carbon that is captured in an organic molecule
   made during photosynthesis and enters the food
   web is considered to be part of which carbon
   cycle?

   1. Aslow carbon cycle
   2. Bfast carbon cycle
   3. Cedible carbon cycle
   4. Dsinister carbon cycle
9. 9Which of the following carbon reservoirs has the least carbon in it

   1. Acarbon in the deep earth in sediment and rocks
   2. Bcarbon in the oceans
   3. Ccarbon in the atmosphere
   4. Dcarbon in the top soil
10. 10The slow carbon cycle describes carbon moving through these different forms and reservoirs. It typically takes a carbon molecule how long to move through these different reservoirs?

    1. AA few hundred years
    2. Bhundreds of years
    3. Cthousands of years
    4. Dseveral hundred thousand years
    5. Emany millions of years

11. 11All of the following affect atmospheric carbon concentrations except

    1. Ahow much fossil fuel is being burnt
    2. Bdissolved carbon dioxide in the oceans
    3. Coverall photosynthesis rates
    4. Dhow much carbon is entering the earth from the moon
12. 12Which of the following events do we think was a triggering event for a mass extinction?
    

    1. Aa large meteorite striking the planet
    2. Brapid changes ocean pH
    3. Cvolcanic activity
    4. Drapid changes in average global temperatures
    5. Eall of the above
13. 13How can we determine extinction rates that occurred many millions of years ago?

    1. ABy asking the species that lived through it
    2. BBy examining the fossil record
    3. CBy determine atmospheric conditions
    4. DThere is a record of extinctions kept in the rings of trees
14. 14True or False: approximately 50% of the species that have ever lived on the earth are currently alive

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
15. 15Over the course of life’s history on planet Earth, how many mass extinctions have taken place?
    

    1. A2
    2. B3
    3. C4
    4. D5
    5. E6
16. 16How does the rate of new species forming change in the few millions of years following a mass extinction
    event?

    1. ADue to a lack of competition, there tends to be an increase in the rate of new species evolving after a mass
       extinction event.
    2. BThe rate of new species evolution does not change before or after a mass extinction event
    3. CDue to a lack food, there tends to be a decrease in the rate of new species evolving after a mass extinction event
17. 17The age of the dinosaurs ended with the K-PG extinction event. This extinction event was triggered
    approximately how many millions of years ago?

    1. A65 million
    2. B200 million
    3. C250 million
    4. D360 million
    5. E430 million
18. 18As mass extinction is when _________ or more of the living species die off within a short period of time (typically two million years or less)

    1. A25%
    2. B50%
    3. C75%
    4. D90%
19. 19With declining population number in plant and animal species, as well as increased rates of species
    extinctions, food webs and trophic levels become ________ stressed and move ______ collapsing.

    1. Amore, farther from
    2. Bmore, closer to
    3. Cless, farther from
    4. Dless, closer to
20. 20Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have _________ over the past 500 million years.

    1. Aheld steady
    2. Bonly increased
    3. Conly decreased
    4. Dgone through periods of increasing and decreasing
21. 21Clearcutting a forest to make pastures for
    grazing cattle

    1. Acan cause a decrease in atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
    2. Bdoes not affect atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
    3. CCan cause an increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
22. 22True or False: The choices consumers in America make have no effect on land usage in other countries.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
23. 23Since 1976 humans have been cutting down forests (deforestation) faster than we have been planting new forests (reforestation). If we reversed this trend and created an economy where it was more profitable to plant new forests than chop down forests, we would expect atmospheric CO2 concentrations to

    1. Adecrease
    2. Bstay the same
    3. Cincrease
24. 24Invasive vine species can take over a forest, replacing hardwood tree species. Vines store _______ carbon in their bodies than hardwood trees

    1. Amore
    2. Bsame
    3. Cless
25. 25The Great Acceleration started
    in the 1950s and continues to
    this day. The Great Acceleration is marked by increased:

    1. Adamming of rivers
    2. Bhuman population
    3. Cfertilizer use
    4. Dpaper production
    5. Eall of the above are correct
26. 26which kills the most birds in a year

    1. Awind turbines
    2. Bcell and radio towers
    3. Cdomesticated cats
27. 27Geologists and ecologists now agree that we are in a new geologic era that started in the 1950s. This era is called the

    1. AUhohocene
    2. Bholocene
    3. Canthropocene
    4. Dhumanocene
28. 28which protein source produces the most CO2 emissions per serving

    1. ACheese
    2. BBeef
    3. CPork
    4. DBeans
    5. EPoultry
29. 29The election in 2020 will be the first time since the 1980s that the baby boomers are not the largest voting demographic. Which generation is set to overtake the baby boomers?

    1. AMillennials
    2. BGeneration Z
    3. CThe silent generation
    4. DGeneration X
30. 30True or False: Atmospheric carbon dioxide can diffuse into the oceans, changing the pH of the oceans.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
31. 31Which sector of the American economy produces the most CO2 emissions?

    1. AResidential and commercial production
    2. Bwaste disposal treatment
    3. Cpower station
    4. Dfarming
32. 32Between 20-35% of the land plant species on the planet are threatened with extinction. A contributing factor to this situation is

    1. Aocean acidification
    2. BFarming
    3. CIncreasing atmospheric CO2
    4. DIncreasing average global temperatures
33. 33Plants species are going extinct at a high rate. As more and more plant species go extinct and the total photosynthesis rates on the planet decreases, we expect atmospheric CO2 concentrations to

    1. Adecrease
    2. Bincrease
    3. Cstay the same
34. 34Is earth in the currently in the midst of a mass extinction event

    1. Ano
    2. Byes
35. 35While the slope of the keeling curve is
    increasing, there are seasonal differences in
    global atmospheric CO2 concentrations
    during the year. Which of the following
    statements best explains why there are
    differences in total planetary levels of
    photosynthesis during the year?

    1. AThe temperatures during the summer months get warmer in the southern hemisphere than the northern
       hemisphere, so there is more photosynthesis in the southern hemisphere summer.
    2. BThere is more land and plants in the northern hemisphere, so there is more photosynthesis during the northern
       hemisphere summer.
    3. CThe seasonal differences in global atmospheric CO2 concentrations have nothing to do with photosynthesis.
36. 36Since 1958 atmospheric CO2 concentrations have been increasing. Recently, the average annual global temperatures have been ___________.

    1. Adecreasing
    2. Bholding steady
    3. Cincreasing
37. 37The 30% increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the past 60 years is primarily due to

    1. Amore carbon entering the atmosphere from the sun
    2. Bthe removal of the trees so less CO2 is being used in photosynthesis
    3. Cthe burning do fossil fuels that release geologically stored carbon as CO2 gas
    4. Dslowing down of the carbon cycle
38. 38True or False: Most models of human activity suggest that atmospheric concentration of CO2 will decrease over the next 20 years.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
39. 39True or false: there is a direct correlation between increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and increasing average global tempures
    

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
40. 40Over the past 800,000 years, global average annual temperatures have

    1. Aheld steady
    2. Bonly increased
    3. Conly decreased
    4. Dgone through period of increasing and decrasing
41. 41Select the gases that are not considered greenhouse gases:

    1. ACH4
    2. BCO2
    3. CH2O vapor
    4. DN2O
    5. Ethey are all considered greenhouse gasses
42. 42How would you expect things to different if the earth atmosphere did not contain any greenhouse gasses?

    1. AThe planet would be warmer than current conditions
    2. BThe planet world be cooler than current conditions
    3. CThe planet would be the same as current conditions
43. 43Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere affect average annual global temperatures by:

    1. Aaffecting how more solar evergy absorbing by the surface of the earht
    2. Bblocking out the sun from plants and determining how much photosynthesis happens
    3. Ccausing more or less total sunlight reaching the earths surface
    4. Ddetermining how much energy that is emitted by the earth is reflected back to the planet
44. 44Increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere causes an _________ in average annual global temperatures.

    1. Aincrease
    2. Bdecrease
45. 45Over 50% of known mammal species are declining in population and over 20% of mammal species are already classified as endangered, threatened, or vulnerable. The single factor that has contributed the most to the decline in mammalian numbers is

    1. Athe spread of invasive species
    2. Bincreasing CO2 concentrations
    3. Closs of habitat
    4. Dmeteorites
46. 46When a plant dies and the plant body decomposes to become part of the soil carbon is moved from the fast carbon cycle to the slow carbon cycle. Which plants are best at removing carbon from the fast carbon cycle?

    1. AGrasses that grow fast and die young.
    2. BFlowering plants that support a diverse ecosystem.
    3. CVines that do not require lots of supporting tissues.
    4. DHardwood trees that build massive bodies.
47. 47True or False: The deep ocean carbon reservoir contains lots of organic carbon from dead sea creatures.

    1. Atrue
    2. Bfalse
48. 48How does the process of photosynthesis, which is also the primary production of all ecosystems, affect atmospheric CO2 concentrations?

    1. APhotosynthesis decreases atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
    2. BPhotosynthesis does not affect atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
    3. CPhotosynthesis increases atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
49. 49Null question

    1. Akemp messed up
    2. BKemp messed up
50. 50 Freebie- just pick an answer-Select one item from choices that you plan on doing to help reduce your carbon footprint.

    1. ATurn off lights and computers when not in use to reduce electric consumption.
    2. BEat more locally grown food.
    3. CAdvocate on the Marquette campus for more sustainable practices.
    4. DWhen you buy a car, you plan on buying an electric car.

Beschreibung

kemp exam 3

Autor

Nora Kiernan

Sprache

English

Aufrufe

32

Schlagwörter

biology

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