Cell bio test 2.0

1. 1List the general functions of the plasma membrane
   
   Physical isolation [blank_start]regulation[blank_end] of exchange with the [blank_start]environment[blank_end] sensitivity to the environment and [blank_start]structural[blank_end] support.

   1. Aregulation
   2. Benvironment
   3. Cstructural
2. 2Identify the components of the plasma membrane that allow it to carry out its function.
   
   membrane [blank_start]lipids[blank_end], membrane proteins, and [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] carbohydrates.

   1. Alipids
   2. Bmembrane
3. 3Which component if the plasma membrane is primarily responsible for the membranes ability to form a physical barrier between the calls internal and external environments
   
   the [blank_start]phospholipid[blank_end] bi layer of the [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] membrane

   1. Aphospholipid
   2. Bplasma
4. 4Channel proteins is a type of integral protein that allows water, ions, and small water soluble to pass through the plasma membrane.

   1. ARichtig
   2. BFalsch
5. 5Explain the difference between the cytoplasm and the cytosol
   
   Cytoplasm is the [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] between the plasma membrane and the [blank_start]nuclear[blank_end] membrane . [blank_start]Cytosol[blank_end] is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm; cytosol is also called [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end] fluid. it is a mixture of water and various dissolved and insouluablematerials, in which the organelles and inclusions are [blank_start]suspended.[blank_end]

   1. Amembrane
   2. Bnuclear
   3. CCytosol
   4. Dintracellular
   5. Esuspended.
6. 6What are the major differences between cytosol and extracellular fluid?
   
   Cytosol has a [blank_start]higher[blank_end] concentration of potassium ions and [blank_start]suspended[blank_end] proteins, and a [blank_start]lower[blank_end] concentration of sodium ions, than does extracellular fluid. [blank_start]Cytosol[blank_end] also includes small quantities of carbohydrates and [blank_start]large[blank_end] reserves of amino acids and lipids.

   1. Ahigher
   2. Bsuspended
   3. Clower
   4. DCytosol
   5. Elarge
7. 7Identify the nonmembranous organelles and cite a function of each
   
   [blank_start]centriole[blank_end] - essential for movement of chromosomes during cell divisions
   [blank_start]Cilia[blank_end] - movement of materials over cell surface
   [blank_start]flagella[blank_end] - propel sperm
   [blank_start]Cytoskeleton[blank_end] - strength and support; movement of cellular structures and materials; cell movement
   [blank_start]microivilli[blank_end] - increased surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular materials
   [blank_start]proteasomes[blank_end] - breakdown and recycling of intracellular proteins
   [blank_start]ribosomes[blank_end] - protein synthesis

   1. Acentriole
   2. BCilia
   3. Cflagella
   4. DCytoskeleton
   5. Emicroivilli
   6. Fproteasomes
   7. Gribosomes
8. 8Identify the membranous organelles and cite their functions
   
   [blank_start]endoplasmic recticulum[blank_end] - synthesis of secretory products; intracellular storage and transport.
   [blank_start]smooth ER[blank_end] - lipid and carbohydrates synthesis
   [blank_start]Rough ER[blank_end] - modification and packaging of newly synthesized proteins
   [blank_start]Golgi apparatus[blank_end] - storage, modification, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes.
   [blank_start]lysomes[blank_end] - intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens
   [blank_start]peroxisomes[blank_end] - neutralization of toxic compounds
   [blank_start]mitochondria[blank_end] - production of 95% of the ATP required by the cell

   1. Aendoplasmic recticulum
   2. Bsmooth ER
   3. CRough ER
   4. DGolgi apparatus
   5. Elysomes
   6. Fperoxisomes
   7. Gmitochondria
9. 9Explain why certain cells in the ovaries and testes contain large amounts of smooth endoplasmic recticulum
   
   The [blank_start]SER[blank_end] synthesizes lipids, such as [blank_start]steroids[blank_end]. ovaries and [blank_start]testes[blank_end] produce large amounts of steroid hormones, which are [blank_start]lipids[blank_end], and thus need [blank_start]large[blank_end] amounts of SER.

   1. ASER
   2. Bsteroids
   3. Ctestes
   4. Dlipids
   5. Elarge
10. 10What does the presence of many mitochondria imply about a cells energy requirements?
    
    A [blank_start]large[blank_end] number of [blank_start]mitochondria[blank_end] in a cell indicates a [blank_start]high[blank_end] demand for energy.

    1. Alarge
    2. Bsmall
    3. Cmitochondria
    4. Dhigh
    5. Elow

11. 11Describe the contents and structure of the nucleus.
    
    the [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] is a cellular [blank_start]organelle[blank_end] that contains DNA,RNA,Enzymes,and proteins. The nuclear [blank_start]envelope[blank_end] is a double membrane that [blank_start]surrounds[blank_end] the nucleolus; the perinuclear space is the [blank_start]region[blank_end] between this soluble membrane. nuclear pores enable chemical [blank_start]communication[blank_end] between the nucleolus and the cytosol.

    1. Anucleus
    2. Borganelle
    3. Cenvelope
    4. Dsurrounds
    5. Eregion
    6. Fcommunication
12. 12What is a gene?
    
    A [blank_start]portion[blank_end] of a DNA [blank_start]strand[blank_end] that functions as a [blank_start]hereditary[blank_end] unit.

    1. Aportion
    2. Bstrand
    3. Chereditary
13. 13Define gene activation
    
    The process of [blank_start]uncoiling[blank_end] the segment of DNA containing the [blank_start]nucleotide[blank_end] sequence of that gene, and [blank_start]temporarily[blank_end] removing nistones, so that the [blank_start]gene[blank_end] can affect the cell.

    1. Auncoiling
    2. Bnucleotide
    3. Ctemporarily
    4. Dgene
14. 14Describe transcription and translation
    
    [blank_start]Transcription[blank_end] is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template
    
    [blank_start]Translation[blank_end] uses the information from and mRNA strand to form a linear chain of amino acids, or protein.

    1. ATranscription
    2. BTranslation
15. 15What process would be affected by the lack of the enzyme RNA polymerase?
    
    A cell that [blank_start]lacked[blank_end] the enzyme RNA [blank_start]polymerase[blank_end] would not be able to [blank_start]transcribe[blank_end] RNA from DNA

    1. Alacked
    2. Bpolymerase
    3. Ctranscribe
16. 16What is meant by the term selectively permeable when referring to a plasma membrane.
    
    it allows the [blank_start]passage[blank_end] of some substances and [blank_start]restricts[blank_end] the passage of others. it lies between 2 [blank_start]enzymes[blank_end]: [blank_start]impermeable[blank_end], which allows no substances to pass, and freely [blank_start]permeable[blank_end], which permits the passage of any substance.

    1. Apassage
    2. Brestricts
    3. Cenzymes
    4. Dimpermeable
    5. Epermeable
17. 17Define diffusion
    
    The passive movement of a [blank_start]substance[blank_end] from an area [blank_start]higher[blank_end] concentration to an area of [blank_start]lower[blank_end] concentration. Diffusion proceeds until the concentration [blank_start]gradient[blank_end] is eliminated.

    1. Asubstance
    2. Bhigher
    3. Clower
    4. Dgradient
18. 18what are 5 factors that influence the diffusion of substances in the body.

    1. Adistance
    2. Bion or molecule size
    3. Ctemperature
    4. Dconcentration gradient
    5. Eelectrical forces
    6. Fall of the above
19. 19How would a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the lungs affect the diffusion of oxygen into the blood?
    
    [blank_start]Oxygen[blank_end] would [blank_start]diffuse[blank_end] more slowly into the [blank_start]blood[blank_end].

    1. Adiffuse
    2. BOxygen
    3. Cblood
20. 20Which of the following is a membranous organelle?

    1. ACentriole
    2. BCilia
    3. CCytoskeleton
    4. Dmicrovilli
    5. EProteasome
    6. FRibosome
    7. GLysosome
21. 21The genetically controlled death of cells is called?

    1. ADifferentiation
    2. BReplication
    3. CApoptosis
    4. DMetastasis
22. 22Which of the following is not a major function of the endoplasmic recticulum?

    1. ASynthesis of nucleic acids
    2. Bstorage of absorbed or synthesized molecules
    3. Ctransport materials
    4. Ddetoxification of drugs or toxins
23. 23If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to ____?

    1. Amove
    2. Bsynthesize proteins
    3. CProduce DNA
    4. DMetabolize sugar
    5. EDivide
24. 24Define growth factor, and identify several growth factors that affect cell division
    
    [blank_start]natural[blank_end] substance, such as [blank_start]peptide[blank_end] or hormone, that can [blank_start]stimulate[blank_end] the division of specific cell types.
    
    [blank_start]Growth[blank_end] factors include [blank_start]M-phase[blank_end] promoting factor, growth hormone, prolactin, fibroblast growth factor, Nerve growth factor, epidermal growth factor, enthropoietin, thymosis, and related compounds and chalones

    1. Anatural
    2. Bpeptide
    3. Cstimulate
    4. DGrowth
    5. EM-phase
25. 25An illness characterized by mutations that disrupt normal control mechanisms and produce potentially malignant cells is termed Cancer.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
26. 26Define metastasis
    
    The spread of [blank_start]cancer[blank_end] cells to distant [blank_start]tissues[blank_end] and organs, leading to the [blank_start]establish[blank_end] meant of secondary tumors.

    1. Acancer
    2. Btissues
    3. Cestablish
27. 27A cell is normally manufacturing enough organelles to produce normally.
    
    This [blank_start]cell[blank_end] is likely in [blank_start]G[blank_end] phase of its [blank_start]life[blank_end] cycle

    1. AG
    2. Blife
    3. Ccell
28. 28Define mitosis and list its four stages.
    
    [blank_start]mitosis[blank_end] - the essential step in cell division in which a single cell nucleus divides to produce two identical daughter cell nuclei.
    
    four stages
    -p[blank_start]rophase[blank_end]
    -metaphase[blank_start]-anaphase[blank_end]
    -telophase

    1. Amitosis
    2. Brophase
    3. C-anaphase
29. 29What would happen if spindal fibers failed to form in a cell during mitosis.
    
    the cell would [blank_start]not[blank_end] be able to [blank_start]separate[blank_end] the chromosomes into [blank_start]two[blank_end] sides.

    1. Anot
    2. Bseparate
    3. Ctwo
30. 30Give the biological terms for cellular reproduction and cellular death

    1. Acell division
    2. BApoptosis
    3. Call of above
31. 31What enzymes must be present for DNA replication to proceed normally?

    1. AHelicases
    2. BDNA Polymerase
    3. Cligases
    4. Dall of above
32. 32Describe interphase and identify stages
    
    [blank_start]interphase[blank_end] - stage in cells life when it [blank_start]performs[blank_end] all its normal functions and if [blank_start]necessary[blank_end] prepares for cell division
    
    stages - G, S, G2, and G0
    
    G0 is not [blank_start]preparing[blank_end] for cell division.

    1. Ainterphase
    2. Bperforms
    3. Cnecessary
    4. Dpreparing
33. 33Phagocytosis is the process where by certain types of white blood cells engulf bacteria.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
34. 34What is the membrane potential of a cell and in what units is it expressed?
    
    is the [blank_start]difference[blank_end] in electrical potential that results from the [blank_start]uneven[blank_end] distribution of positive and [blank_start]negative[blank_end] charges across the [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] membrane.

    1. Adifference
    2. Buneven
    3. Cnegative
    4. Dplasma
35. 35If the plasma membrane of a cell were freely permeable to the sodium ions, how would the membrane potential be affected?
    
    more of these [blank_start]positively[blank_end] charged ions would move into the [blank_start]cell[blank_end], and the [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] potential would become less negative.

    1. Apositively
    2. Bcell
    3. Cmembrane
36. 36Describe endocytosis
    
    the movement of relatively [blank_start]large[blank_end] columns of a membranous [blank_start]vesicle[blank_end] at the cell [blank_start]surface[blank_end].

    1. Alarge
    2. Bvesicle
    3. Csurface
37. 37Describe exocytosis
    
    the [blank_start]ejection[blank_end] of cytoplasm materials by the [blank_start]fusion[blank_end] of a membranous vesicle with the [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] membrane

    1. Aejection
    2. Bfusion
    3. Cplasma
38. 38Define osmosis
    
    The [blank_start]diffusion[blank_end] of water across a selectively [blank_start]permeable[blank_end] membrane form one solution to another [blank_start]solution[blank_end] that contains a [blank_start]higher[blank_end] solute concentration.

    1. Adiffusion
    2. Bpermeable
    3. Csolution
    4. Dhigher
39. 39some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent salt solution as a nasal spray to relieve congestion in infants with stuffy noses. what effect would such a solution have on the cells lining the nasal cavity and why?
    
    it would [blank_start]draw[blank_end] water out of the cells causing the [blank_start]cells[blank_end] to shrink and [blank_start]adding[blank_end] water to the mucus, thereby [blank_start]diluting[blank_end] it and [blank_start]relieving[blank_end] congestion.

    1. Adraw
    2. Bcells
    3. Cadding
    4. Ddiluting
    5. Erelieving
40. 40Describe the process of carrier- meditated transport
    
    in carrier - mediated transport, integral [blank_start]proteins[blank_end] bind specific ions or [blank_start]organic[blank_end] substances and carry them [blank_start]across[blank_end] the plasma membrane. all forms of carrier mediated transport are [blank_start]specific[blank_end] have saturation limits, and are [blank_start]regulated[blank_end].

    1. Aproteins
    2. Borganic
    3. Cacross
    4. Dspecific
    5. Eregulated
41. 41Diffusion is important in body fluids because it tends to eliminate local concentration gradients

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
42. 42microvilli are founds in cells that are actively engaged in absortion.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
43. 43when a cell is placed in a hyper tonic solution, the cell will lose water through osmosis. this process results in the crenation of red blood cells.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
44. 44Suppose that a DNA segment has the following nucleotide sequence CTC ATA CGA TTC AAG TTA
    what would the nucleotide sequence of a complementary mRNA strand have.
    
    [blank_start]GAG VAV GCU AAG VVC AAU[blank_end]

    1. AGAG VAV GCU AAG VVC AAU
45. 45how many amino acids are coded in the DNA segment in the previous question
    
    (GAG VAV GCU AAG VVC AAU)

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C4
    4. D6
46. 46The sodium potassium exchange pump is composed of a carrier protein located in the plasma membrane.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
47. 47If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to synthesize proteins.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
48. 48List in sequence the phases of the interphase stage of the cell life cycle and briefly describe what happens in each
    
    [blank_start]G0[blank_end]: normal cell functions, nondividing state
    [blank_start]G[blank_end]: cell growth, duplication of organelles and protein synthesis
    [blank_start]S[blank_end]: DNA replication and synthesis of histones
    [blank_start]G2[blank_end]: Protein synthesis

    1. AG0
    2. BG
    3. CS
    4. DG2
49. 49At resting potential the cytoplasmic side of the membrane surface of the cell is slightly negative. and the cell extracellular membrane surface is slightly positive.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
50. 50The organelle responsible for a variety of functions centering on the synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates is the smooth endoplasmic recticulum.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
51. 51The synthesis of a functional polypeptide using the information in an mRNA stand is translation.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
52. 52or somatic cell nuclei contain 23 pairs of chromosomes.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
53. 53the movement of water across a membrane from a area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is known as osmosis.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
54. 54the interphase of the cell life cycle is divided into

    1. AG0
    2. BG
    3. CSS
    4. DG2
    5. Eall of above
55. 55Differentiation is the development of specific cellular characteristics and functions that are different from those of the original cell.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
56. 56[blank_start]Visual[blank_end]
    
    isotonic
    hypotinic
    hypertonic

    1. AVisual
57. 57The process that transport solid objects such as bacteria into the cell is called phagocytosis

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
58. 58plasma membrane are said to be selectively permeable.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
59. 59sodium ion concentration is high in extracellular fluids, and potassium ion concentration is high in the cytoplasm.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
60. 60By what 3 major transport mechanisms do substances get into and out of cells?

    1. Adiffusion
    2. Bcarrier mediated transport
    3. Cvesicular transport
    4. Dall of above.
61. 61list five important factors that influence diffusion rates

    1. Adistance
    2. Bsteepness of the concentration gradient
    3. Cmolecule size
    4. Dtemperature
    5. Eelectrical forces
    6. Fall of above
62. 62what are the 4 major functions of the endoplasmic recticulum

    1. Asynthesis of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids
    2. Bstorage of absorbed or synthesized molecules
    3. Ctransport of materials
    4. Ddetoxification of drugs or toxins
    5. Eall of above
63. 63what are the 4 concepts that mace up cell theory

    1. Acells are the building blocks of all plants and animals
    2. Bcells are produced by the division of preexisting cells
    3. Ccells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
    4. Deach maintains homeostasis at the cellular level.
    5. Eall of above.
64. 64what are 4 general functions of the plasma membrane

    1. Aphysical isolation
    2. Bregulation of exchange with the environment
    3. Csensitivity
    4. Dstructural support
    5. Eall of above
65. 65the primary functions of membrane proteins are receptors, channels, carriers, enzymes, anchors, and identifiers.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
66. 66List the stages of mitosis and briefly describe the events that occur in each
    
    [blank_start]prophase[blank_end] - chromatin and chromosomes become visible; centrioles migrate to opposite poles of the cell and spindle fibers develop and the nuclear membrane disintegrates.
    
    [blank_start]metaphase[blank_end] - chromatids attach to spindle fibers and line up along the metaphase plate
    
    [blank_start]Anaphase[blank_end] - chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles of the cell
    
    [blank_start]telophase[blank_end] - the nuclear membrane forms; chromosomes disappear as they uncoil back to chromatin and nucleoi appear

    1. Aprophase
    2. Bmetaphase
    3. CAnaphase
    4. Dtelophase
67. 67Cytokinesis is the cytoplasmic movement that separates 2 daughter cells.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
68. 68cytokenesis completes the process of cell division the cell cycle.

    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch

Beschreibung

Nursing Quiz am Cell bio test 2.0 , erstellt von Codi Kruse am 26/09/2018.

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Codi Kruse

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English

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Erstellt am 26 Sep 2018 · aktualisiert am 26 Sep 2018

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