A&P CH. 3

1. 1The plasma membrane shown in the image separates a cell from its external environment and from the neighboring cells. What other function does it perform?
   

   1. Aa. Stores excess glucose
   2. Bb. Controls the activity of the cell
   3. Cc. Regulates passage of molecules into and out of the cell
   4. Dd. Produces hormones
2. 2The clear liquid fluid that fills the spaces around the chromatin and the nucleoli is
   

   1. Aa. cytoplasm.
   2. Bb. nucleoplasm.
   3. Cc. the nuclear membrane.
   4. Dd. a fatty substance.
3. 3Water is essential for all cellular life, as water makes up ___ of cytoplasm.
   

   1. Aa. 50% to 70%
   2. Bb. 60% to 70%
   3. Cc. 70% to 80%
   4. Dd. 70% to 90%
4. 4The orderly process by which cells die is
   

   1. Aa. atrophy.
   2. Bb. apoptosis.
   3. Cc. necrosis.
   4. Dd. dysplasia.
5. 5Hairlike projections of the cell that beat and vibrate are called
   

   1. Aa. lysosomes.
   2. Bb. ribosomes.
   3. Cc. cilia.
   4. Dd. mitochondria.
6. 6During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane dissolve completely and the chromatid pairs arrange themselves in a single file?
   

   1. Aa. Telophase
   2. Bb. Metaphase
   3. Cc. Anaphase
   4. Dd. Interphase
7. 7Which of these cells reproduce at the slowest rate?
   

   1. Aa. Blood-forming cells in the bone marrow
   2. Bb. Skin cells
   3. Cc. Cells lining the intestinal tract
   4. Dd. Muscle cells
8. 8The diffusion rate of molecules for a gas is
   

   1. Aa. slower than that for liquids.
   2. Bb. quicker than that for liquids.
   3. Cc. slower than that for solids.
   4. Dd. quicker than that for liquids and solids.
9. 9Most intravenous fluids ordered by physicians are ___ solutions.
   

   1. Aa. hypertonic
   2. Bb. isotonic
   3. Cc. hypotonic
   4. Dd. glucose and water
10. 10Another term for tumor is
    

    1. Aa. benign.
    2. Bb. malignant.
    3. Cc. cancer.
    4. Dd. neoplasm.

11. 11Cancer that occurs in the bone marrow is known as
    

    1. Aa. sarcoma.
    2. Bb. lymphoma.
    3. Cc. carcinoma.
    4. Dd. leukemia.
12. 12Which store the hereditary material DNA that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next?
    

    1. Aa. Ribosomes
    2. Bb. Mitochondria
    3. Cc. Chromosomes
    4. Dd. Centrioles
13. 13Rough endoplasmic reticulum differs from smooth due to the presence of
    

    1. Aa. ribosomes.
    2. Bb. mitochondria.
    3. Cc. lysosomes.
    4. Dd. chromosomes.
14. 14Cell eating is called
    

    1. Aa. phagocytosis.
    2. Bb. pinocytosis.
    3. Cc. active transport.
    4. Dd. neoplasm.
15. 15Most of the cell's energy comes from rod-shaped organelles called
    

    1. Aa. peroxisomes.
    2. Bb. Golgi apparatus.
    3. Cc. mitochondria.
    4. Dd. cilia.
16. 16These are known as suicide bags:
    

    1. Aa. Peroxisomes
    2. Bb. Mitochondria
    3. Cc. Lysosomes
    4. Dd. Ribosomes
17. 17Which of the following is an example of passive transport of materials through the cell membrane?
    

    1. Aa. Interphase
    2. Bb. Phagocytosis
    3. Cc. Pinocytosis
    4. Dd. Diffusion
18. 18The background for all chemical reactions that take place in a cell is
    

    1. Aa. pinocytic vesicles.
    2. Bb. cytoplasm.
    3. Cc. Golgi apparatus.
    4. Dd. nucleus
19. 19The change to the size, shape, and organization of cells as a result of a stimulus is called
    

    1. Aa. hyperplasia.
    2. Bb. dysplasia.
    3. Cc. metaplasia.
    4. Dd. neoplasia.
20. 20Which structure controls the activities of the cell and facilitates cell division?
    

    1. Aa. Mitochondria
    2. Bb. Nucleus
    3. Cc. Centrioles
    4. Dd. Chromosome
21. 21An aqueous solution of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and inorganic salts surrounded by a cell membrane is called
    

    1. Aa. ribosome.
    2. Bb. endoplasmic reticulum.
    3. Cc. protoplasm.
    4. Dd. chromatin.
22. 22The resting phase in the process of mitosis is called
    

    1. Aa. telophase.
    2. Bb. prophase.
    3. Cc. anaphase.
    4. Dd. interphase.
23. 23What is the term used for the increase in cell number?
    

    1. Aa. Atrophy
    2. Bb. Metaplasia
    3. Cc. Hyperplasia
    4. Dd. Hypertrophy
24. 24What unit of measurement is used to measure the size of cells and their components?
    

    1. Aa. Nanometer
    2. Bb. Centimeter
    3. Cc. Micron (micrometer)
    4. Dd. Inch
25. 25During which phase do the chromosomes migrate to the opposite poles of the cell?
    

    1. Aa. Metaphase
    2. Bb. Anaphase
    3. Cc. Telophase
    4. Dd. Interphase
26. 26The suffix -plasm means
    

    1. Aa. growth.
    2. Bb. process of.
    3. Cc. strength or concentration.
    4. Dd. controlling or stopping.
27. 27The word root cyto means
    

    1. Aa. colored.
    2. Bb. below normal.
    3. Cc. new.
    4. Dd. cell.
28. 28The movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from a solution of higher concentration to a solution of lower concentration is called
    

    1. Aa. filtration,
    2. Bb. osmosis,
    3. Cc. active transport,
    4. Dd. diffusion,
29. 29Which structure regulates the passage or transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell?
    

    1. Aa. Nucleus
    2. Bb. Nucleoplasm
    3. Cc. Endoplasmic reticulum
    4. Dd. Cell membrane
30. 30DNA and protein material in a loose and diffuse state is called
    

    1. Aa. diffusion.
    2. Bb. chromatin.
    3. Cc. chromosome.
    4. Dd. nucleoplasm.
31. 31In a cell, what are composed of ribonucleic acid and protein?
    

    1. Aa. Chromosomes
    2. Bb. Ribosomes
    3. Cc. Organelles
    4. Dd. Peroxisomes
32. 32Which of the following best describes the cell membrane?
    

    1. Aa. Selective semipermeable membrane
    2. Bb. Double-layered structure with pores
    3. Cc. Sticky, semifluid material
    4. Dd. Network of tubular structures
33. 33How many chromosomes are in a human cell?
    

    1. Aa. 92
    2. Bb. 46
    3. Cc. 23
    4. Dd. 12
34. 34Cancer that occurs in bones, tissues, muscles, and fat is called
    

    1. Aa. carcinoma.
    2. Bb. sarcoma.
    3. Cc. myeloma.
    4. Dd. lymphoma
35. 35What is osmosis?
    

    1. Aa. Movement of water molecules by some type of physical force.
    2. Bb. Movement of water molecules across a selective permeable membrane.
    3. Cc. Movement of particles evenly throughout a medium.
    4. Dd. Movement of molecules across a cell membrane requiring ATP.
36. 36During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane start to dissolve?
    

    1. Aa. Interphase
    2. Bb. Prophase
    3. Cc. Metaphase
    4. Dd. Anaphase
37. 37Active transport requires what chemical compound?
    

    1. Aa. An amino acid
    2. Bb. Oxygen
    3. Cc. Phosphorous
    4. Dd. Adenosine triphosphate
38. 38What is the key difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
    

    1. Aa. With phagocytosis, the engulfed substances are in particles; with pinocytosis the engulfed substances are in solution.
    2. Bb. With phagocytosis, the engulfed substances are in solution; with pinocytosis the engulfed substance are in particles.
    3. Cc. With phagocytosis the substance being consumed is preserved, but with pinocytosis the substance is destroyed.
    4. Dd. There is no significant difference.
39. 39What term is used to describe the state in which molecules are evenly distributed in the available space?
    

    1. Aa. Osmosis
    2. Bb. Equilibrium
    3. Cc. Diffusion
    4. Dd. Apoptosis
40. 40Which of the following statements is true regarding specialization among cells?
    

    1. Aa. All cells specialize to some degree.
    2. Bb. Specialization leads to greater autonomy among cells.
    3. Cc. Specialized cells may lose the ability to reproduce.
    4. Dd. Less complex organisms are more likely to have specialized cells.
41. 41Which of the following is not a cause of cell necrosis?
    

    1. Aa. Infection
    2. Bb. Blood clot
    3. Cc. Injury
    4. Dd. Perfusion

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