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NEW EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

lucy duckmanton 4 Fragen

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  1. 1An [blank_start]experimental[blank_end] design is a [blank_start]set[blank_end] of [blank_start]procedures[blank_end] used to control the [blank_start]influence[blank_end] of [blank_start]factors[blank_end], such as [blank_start]participant[blank_end] [blank_start]variables[blank_end], in an experiment.
    1. Aexperimental
    2. Bset
    3. Cprocedures
    4. Dinfluence
    5. Efactors
    6. Fparticipant
    7. Gvariables
  2. 2[blank_start]INDEPENDENT[blank_end] GROUPS
    Participants are put in [blank_start]2[blank_end] (or more) [blank_start]groups[blank_end] representing different [blank_start]levels[blank_end] of the [blank_start]IV[blank_end]. E.g [blank_start]Group[blank_end] A does the task with [blank_start]music[blank_end] on, Group [blank_start]B[blank_end] does the task with it [blank_start]off[blank_end]. The [blank_start]performance[blank_end] of the [blank_start]2[blank_end] groups is [blank_start]compared[blank_end].
    +A [blank_start]strength[blank_end] is that [blank_start]order[blank_end] [blank_start]effects[blank_end] are [blank_start]avoided[blank_end] as participants only take part [blank_start]once[blank_end]. This also means the participants are [blank_start]unlikely[blank_end] to guess the [blank_start]purpose[blank_end] of the study.
    -However, an [blank_start]issue[blank_end] is that the researcher can't [blank_start]control[blank_end] the effect of [blank_start]participant[blank_end] [blank_start]variables[blank_end] ([blank_start]different[blank_end] [blank_start]abilities[blank_end]/ characteristics of each participant). Also, the researcher needs [blank_start]twice[blank_end] as [blank_start]many[blank_end] participants to take part to obtain the [blank_start]same[blank_end] [blank_start]amount[blank_end] of data.
    A wa to deal with these [blank_start]issues[blank_end] is to [blank_start]randomly[blank_end] [blank_start]allocate[blank_end] participants to [blank_start]groups[blank_end], which theoretically would [blank_start]distribute[blank_end] participant variables [blank_start]evenly[blank_end]. E.g [blank_start]Pick[blank_end] names out of a [blank_start]hat[blank_end].
    1. AINDEPENDENT
    2. B2
    3. Cgroups
    4. Dlevels
    5. EIV
    6. FGroup
    7. Gmusic
    8. HB
    9. Ioff
    10. Jperformance
    11. Kcompared
    12. L2
    13. Mstrength
    14. Norder
    15. Oeffects
    16. Ponce
    17. Qavoided
    18. Runlikely
    19. Spurpose
    20. Tissue
    21. Ucontrol
    22. Vparticipant
    23. Wvariables
    24. Xabilities
    25. Ydifferent
    26. Ztwice
    27. AAmany
    28. ABsame
    29. ACamount
    30. ADissues
    31. AErandomly
    32. AFallocate
    33. AGgroups
    34. AHdistribute
    35. AIevenly
    36. AJPick
    37. AKhat
  3. 3[blank_start]REPEATED[blank_end] MEASURES
    Each [blank_start]participant[blank_end] takes part in [blank_start]every[blank_end] [blank_start]condition[blank_end] of the [blank_start]experiment[blank_end] e.g each [blank_start]participant[blank_end] does the task with the music [blank_start]on[blank_end] and [blank_start]without[blank_end] it. The [blank_start]performance[blank_end] of the 2 groups is [blank_start]compared[blank_end].
    +A [blank_start]strength[blank_end] is that the [blank_start]researcher[blank_end] only needs 1 [blank_start]set[blank_end] of [blank_start]participants[blank_end] to take part. Also, participant [blank_start]variables[blank_end] and [blank_start]individual[blank_end] [blank_start]differences[blank_end] are [blank_start]limited[blank_end] because the [blank_start]same[blank_end] participants are used.
    -However, an [blank_start]issue[blank_end] is that [blank_start]order[blank_end] [blank_start]effects[blank_end] may occur. Participants may do [blank_start]better[blank_end] on the [blank_start]second[blank_end] test because of a [blank_start]practice[blank_end] effect or because they aren't as [blank_start]nervous[blank_end]. Sometimes participants may do [blank_start]worse[blank_end] on the [blank_start]second[blank_end] test because they're [blank_start]bored[blank_end].
    -Another issue is that [blank_start]participants[blank_end] may [blank_start]guess[blank_end] the [blank_start]aim[blank_end] of the experiment, which could affect their [blank_start]behaviour[blank_end].
    A way to [blank_start]reduce[blank_end] [blank_start]practice[blank_end] effects is to use 2 [blank_start]different[blank_end] tests, although they must be [blank_start]equivalent[blank_end].
    [blank_start]Order[blank_end] [blank_start]effects[blank_end] can be avoided by [blank_start]counterbalancing[blank_end] which ensures that each [blank_start]condition[blank_end] is tested [blank_start]first[blank_end] or second in [blank_start]equal[blank_end] amounts. E.g divide participants into [blank_start]2[blank_end] groups. [blank_start]Group[blank_end] 1 does A then [blank_start]B[blank_end]. Group 2 does [blank_start]B[blank_end] then [blank_start]A[blank_end].
    1. AREPEATED
    2. Bparticipant
    3. Cevery
    4. Dcondition
    5. Eexperiment
    6. Fparticipant
    7. Gon
    8. Hwithout
    9. Iperformance
    10. Jcompared
    11. Kstrength
    12. Lset
    13. Mresearcher
    14. Nparticipants
    15. Ovariables
    16. Pindividual
    17. Qlimited
    18. Rsame
    19. Sdifferences
    20. Tissue
    21. Uorder
    22. Veffects
    23. Wbetter
    24. Xsecond
    25. Ypractice
    26. Znervous
    27. AAworse
    28. ABsecond
    29. ACbored
    30. ADparticipants
    31. AEguess
    32. AFaim
    33. AGbehaviour
    34. AHpractice
    35. AIreduce
    36. AJdifferent
    37. AKequivalent
    38. ALOrder
    39. AMeffects
    40. ANcounterbalancing
    41. AOcondition
    42. APfirst
    43. AQequal
    44. AR2
    45. ASGroup
    46. ATB
    47. AUB
    48. AVA
  4. 4MATCHED [blank_start]PAIRS[blank_end]
    [blank_start]Pairs[blank_end] of [blank_start]participants[blank_end] are matched in terms of [blank_start]key[blank_end] [blank_start]variables[blank_end] e.g age and [blank_start]IQ[blank_end]. Each [blank_start]allocated[blank_end] to different [blank_start]conditions[blank_end]. [blank_start]Characteristics[blank_end] for matching must be [blank_start]relevant[blank_end] to the study - e.g don't need to [blank_start]match[blank_end] participants for [blank_start]gender[blank_end] if it's [blank_start]memory[blank_end] that is being [blank_start]tested[blank_end].
    +One [blank_start]advantage[blank_end] of this design is that there are no [blank_start]order[blank_end] [blank_start]effects[blank_end] as participants only take part in the study [blank_start]once[blank_end]. Also, [blank_start]participant[blank_end] [blank_start]variables[blank_end] are [blank_start]minimised[blank_end] as participants are matched [blank_start]closely[blank_end].
    -A [blank_start]weakness[blank_end] is that it's very [blank_start]time-consuming[blank_end] and difficult to match participants on [blank_start]key[blank_end] variables. Have to start with a [blank_start]large[blank_end] group to ensure [blank_start]everyone[blank_end] can be matched. It's not possible to [blank_start]control[blank_end] all participant [blank_start]variables[blank_end] because can only match on [blank_start]relevant[blank_end] ones e.g in a [blank_start]memory[blank_end] experiment you could match on memory [blank_start]ability[blank_end] but then find that some [blank_start]participants[blank_end] have taken a [blank_start]memory-training[blank_end] [blank_start]course[blank_end].
    To deal with [blank_start]issues[blank_end] the number of [blank_start]variables[blank_end] participants are matched on can be [blank_start]restricted[blank_end] to make it [blank_start]easier[blank_end]. Could also conduct a [blank_start]pilot[blank_end] [blank_start]study[blank_end] to consider key variables that might be [blank_start]important[blank_end] when [blank_start]matching[blank_end].
    1. APairs
    2. Bparticipants
    3. CPAIRS
    4. Dkey
    5. Evariables
    6. FIQ
    7. Gallocated
    8. Hconditions
    9. ICharacteristics
    10. Jrelevant
    11. Kgender
    12. Lmatch
    13. Mtested
    14. Nmemory
    15. Oadvantage
    16. Porder
    17. Qeffects
    18. Ronce
    19. Sparticipant
    20. Tvariables
    21. Uclosely
    22. Vminimised
    23. Wweakness
    24. Xtime-consuming
    25. Ykey
    26. Zlarge
    27. AAeveryone
    28. ABcontrol
    29. ACvariables
    30. ADrelevant
    31. AEmemory
    32. AFability
    33. AGparticipants
    34. AHmemory-training
    35. AIcourse
    36. AJissues
    37. AKvariables
    38. ALrestricted
    39. AMeasier
    40. ANpilot
    41. AOstudy
    42. APimportant
    43. AQmatching

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Beschreibung
AS - Level Psychology (Research methods ) Quiz am NEW EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, erstellt von lucy duckmanton am 11/01/2017.
Sprache
English
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