12636098
Beschreibung
Quiz von Alannah McDonnell, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Alannah McDonnell
vor etwa 6 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Oxygen can be toxic
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 2
Frage
Which of theses are reasons that oxygen is essential?
Antworten
-
Oxidation reactions
-
Generation of ATP (oxidative phosphorylation)
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Detoxification reactions
-
Anaerobic glycolysis
-
Bio synthetic reactions
Frage 3
Frage
Why is oxygen classified as toxic?
Antworten
-
When it accepts single electrons it is transformed into highly reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
-
When it accepts double electrons it is transformed into highly reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
-
When it accepts single electrons it is transformed into non-reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
-
It takes part in unnecessary reactions
Frage 4
Frage
What do oxygen radicals damage?
Antworten
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Cellular lipids
-
Proteins
-
DNA
-
Glucose
-
Starch
Frage 5
Frage
What are the major sources of primary ROS in the cell?
Antworten
-
CoQ generates superoxide in ETC
-
Respiration in lungs
-
Oxidase, oxygenates and peroxidases
-
Ionizing radiation
-
Non-ionizing radiation
Frage 6
Frage
Where can evidence of free radical damage be seen?
Antworten
-
>100 disease states
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<100 disease states
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>1000 disease states
Frage 7
Frage
Where is evidence of free radical damage in disease states described?
Antworten
-
As primary cause of the disease
-
By enhancing complications
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In the lumen of cells
Frage 8
Frage
Superoxide and the hydroxyl radical Initiate lipid peroxidation in..
Antworten
-
Cellular membrane
-
Mitochondrial membrane
-
Nuclear membrane
-
ER membrane
Frage 9
Frage
Increase in membrane permeability due to radical-mediated damage leads to..
Antworten
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A further influx of ca2+
-
Repair of the mtiochondria
-
Ca2+ leaving the cell
-
Further escaping of radicals
Frage 10
Frage
Oxidation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA results in ...
Antworten
-
Strand breaks
-
Various damages
-
RNOS
-
Influx of Ca2+
Frage 11
Frage
Disruption of the mitochondrial membrane may augment free radical damage
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
Frage
Oxygen derived free radicals are a minor source of DNA damage
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 13
Frage
The non-specific binding of Fe2+ to DNA...
Antworten
-
facilitates localized production of the hydroxyl radical
-
Can attack the deoxyribose backbone
-
Can cause strand breaks
-
Will cause apoptosis
-
Can be protective
Frage 14
Frage
At high concentrations nitrogen combines with oxygen or superoxide to form reactive and toxic species which contain both N and O.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 15
Frage
RNOS’s are implicated in ...
Antworten
-
Neurodegenerative diseases
-
Chronic inflammatory diseases
-
Hay fever
-
Alcoholism
-
Hunger
Frage 16
Frage
What are some of the consequences of high concentrations of NO during inflammation?
Antworten
-
Inhibition of enzymes
-
Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation
-
Inhibition of ETC and energy depletion
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Single or double strand breaks in DNA
-
Modification of bases in DNA
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