2713147
Frage 1
Frage
What is the following structure called?
Antworten
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Blastocyst
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Morula
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Zygote
Frage 2
Frage
The primitive streak is indicative of gastrulation occuring.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 3
Frage
The ectoderm gives rise to...
Antworten
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Enamel
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Epidermis
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Nervous system
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Cardiovascular system
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Respiratory system
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Gastrointestinal system
Frage 4
Frage
The mesoderm gives rise to...
Antworten
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Cardiovascular system
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Muscle
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Connective tissue
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Epidermis
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Urinary system
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Gastrointestinal tract
Frage 5
Frage
The endoderm gives rise to...
Antworten
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Respiratory system
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Gastrointestinal tract
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Urinary system
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Cardiovascular system
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Epidermis
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Nervous system
Frage 6
Frage
The notochord forms from the notochordal plate in a cranial to caudal sequence.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 7
Frage
What substances does the primitive node release?
Antworten
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Brain derived neurotrophic factor
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NODAL
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BMP4
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Noggin
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CSPG's
Frage 8
Frage
The function of NODAL is...
Antworten
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Maintains the primitive streak
-
Stimulates skin formation from the ectoderm
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Stimulates cranial structure and nervous system development
Frage 9
Frage
The function of BMP4 is...
Antworten
-
Maintains the primitive streak
-
Stimulates skin formation from the ectoderm
-
Stimulates cranial structure and nervous system development
Frage 10
Frage
The function of Noggin is...
Antworten
-
Maintains the primitive streak
-
Stimulates skin formation from the ectoderm
-
Stimulates cranial structure and nervous system development
Frage 11
Frage
Neurulation is folding of the neural plate which continues until formation of a neural tube. The closure disconnects the neural crest from the ectoderm, also forming neural crest cells.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
Frage
The notochord releases BMP that patterns the ventral side of the neural tube which gives the precursor to the motor neurones of the ventral spinal cord
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 13
Frage
Neural crest cells are formed when the neural tube closes and detaches from the ectoderm. Give some examples of where they may migrate and what structures develop.
Antworten
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Ectoderm - melanocytes
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Mesoderm - ganglia, bones of the face and skull
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Endoderm - urinary system
Frage 14
Frage
Spina Bifida is caused by failure of the neural tube to close.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 15
Frage
NODAL helps to establish internal asymmetry.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
Frage
Mutations in SHH leads to lack of bilateral symmetry and development of conditions like cyclopsia.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 17
Frage
Hox genes control body segmentation; essentially determining what section of the body will become what particular limb etc.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 18
Frage
The visceral layer of the lateral plate mesoderm gives rise to what structure?
Antworten
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GI tract
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Muscle
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Heart
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Lungs
Frage 19
Frage
The parietal layer of the lateral plate mesoderm gives rise to what structures?
Antworten
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Bones of limbs
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Connective tissue of limbs
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Urogenital system
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Heart
Frage 20
Frage
The intermediate mesoderm gives rise to what structure?
Antworten
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Urogenital system
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Respiratory system
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Connective tissue of limbs
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GI tract
Frage 21
Frage
The paraxial mesoderm differentiates into dermatome, myotome and sclerotome. What will the dermatome become?
Antworten
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Dermis
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Muscle
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Tendon
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Cartilage
-
Bone
Frage 22
Frage
The paraxial mesoderm differentiates into dermatome, myotome and sclerotome. What will the myotome become?
Antworten
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Dermis
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Muscle
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Tendon
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Cartilage
-
Bone
Frage 23
Frage
The paraxial mesoderm differentiates into dermatome, myotome and sclerotome. What will the sclerotome become?
Antworten
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Dermis
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Muscle
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Tendon
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Cartilage
-
Bone
Frage 24
Frage
What structures may the pharyngeal pouches give rise to?
Antworten
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Palatine tonsils
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Parathyroid gland
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Thymus gland
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Thyroid gland
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Cricoid cartilage
Frage 25
Frage
Neural crest cells migrate to the pharyngeal arches. Failure of migration can lead to conditions such as spina bifida.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 26
Frage
What muscular and skeletal structures arise from the 1st pharyngeal arch?
Antworten
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Mandible
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Muscles of mastication
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Muscles of facial expression
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Styloid process
Frage 27
Frage
What muscular and skeletal structures arise from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Antworten
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Mandible
-
Styloid process
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Muscles of mastication
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Muscles of facial expression
Frage 28
Frage
What muscular and skeletal structures arise from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?
Antworten
-
Stylopharyngeus
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Hyoid
-
Styloid process
-
Thyroid cartilage
Frage 29
Frage
What muscular and skeletal structures arise from the 4th pharyngeal arch?
Antworten
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Mandible
-
Pharyngeal constrictors
-
Thyroid cartilage
-
Muscles of facial expression
Frage 30
Frage
What muscular and skeletal structures arise from the 6th pharyngeal arch?
Antworten
-
Cricoid cartilage
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Intrinsic muscles of the larynx
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Pharyngeal constrictors
-
Thyroid cartilage
Frage 31
Frage
The medial nasal prominences fuse to form the secondary palate.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 32
Frage
The maxillary prominences fuse to form the secondary palate.
Antworten
- True
- False
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