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Quiz von kimberly mund, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von kimberly mund
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Frage 1
Frage
What is the physiologic pr[blank_start]o[blank_end]cesses occurring to filtrate when it is within the kidneys? (elimination / regulation of what?) 5 steps
Antworten
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Elimination/Regulation (5 steps)
Frage 2
Frage
What enzyme does the kidney's release to regulate blood pressure, which hormone does it stimulate?
Antworten
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Renin, angiotensin II
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Angiotensin II, Renin
Frage 3
Frage
What ions do the kidneys regulate to control blood ion balance?
Antworten
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CA, P, K, H
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CA, K , H, Phosphate
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NA, N, C, O
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NA, CA, K, Phosphate
Frage 4
Frage
What functions do the kidney's perform?
Antworten
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Formation of Calcitriol (increases absorption of Calcium in small intestine)
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Production and release of leukocytes (protects the body from attacks0
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Production and release of erythropoietin (Secretes EPO, stimulates RB marrow to increase RBC formation)
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Potential to engage in gluconeogenesis (produce glucose during fasting/starvation, maintains glucose levels
Frage 5
Frage
In general, kidneys take care of our blood, remove unwanted blood materials, maintain blood plasma concentration of the ions, regulate blood pH, maintain blood glucose, maintain number of RBC's, helps blood pressure.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 6
Frage
Gluconeogenesis produces glucose in times of fasting/starvation from noncarbohydrate sources
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 7
Frage
The urinary system is composed of what?
Antworten
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Kidneys
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Ureters
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Urinary Bladder
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Urethra
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Heart
Frage 8
Frage
One of the primary functions of the kidney's is to filter blood and convert it into urine
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 9
Frage
The liquid waste from the kidneys is transported by what to what?
Antworten
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Urinary bladder, Urethra
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Ureters, Urethra
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Urethra, Urinary Bladder
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Ureters, Urinary bladder
Frage 10
Frage
What structure of the urinary system forms urine?
Antworten
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Urinary Bladder
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Kidneys
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Urethra
Frage 11
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The urinary bladder is the expandable muscular sac which stores 1L of urine until it is eliminated from the body through the urethra
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
Frage
What are the two means by which the kidney helps to regulate blood pressure?
Antworten
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Fluid regulation
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Releasing angiotensin II, stimulates renin
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Releasing Renin, stimulates angiotensin II
Frage 13
Frage
The hilum apart of the kidney functions as what?
Antworten
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Vessels, nerves, and ureter connect to kidney
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Concave medial border
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vessels, nerves, lymph nodes connect to kidney
Frage 14
Frage
Kidneys are located along _______ abdominal wall and ____ to the vertebral column?
Antworten
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Anterior, Medial
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Anterior, Superior
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Posterior, Lateral
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Posterior, Medial
Frage 15
Frage
The kidneys are positioned posterior to the parietal peritoneum in the retroperitoneal space.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
Frage
The kidneys are surrounded and supported by several tissue layers, which ones are they?
Antworten
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FIbrous capsule
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Fibrous tract
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Perinephric fat
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Renal fascia
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Renal capsid
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Paranephric fat
Frage 17
Frage
The fibrous capsule that surrounds the kidney directly is made of dense regular connective tissue.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 18
Frage
The perinephric fat, just behind the fibrous capsule contains adipose connective tissue.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 19
Frage
The renal fascia, external to the perinephric fat is composed of dense irregular adipose tissue.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 20
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The paranephric fat, the outermost layer of the kidneys, is composed of adipose connective tissue.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 21
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The right kidney is about 2 centimeters superior to the left kidney.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 22
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Both kidneys are completely protected by the rib cage.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 23
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The fibrous capsule of the kidney helps prevent infectious pathogens from penetrating it.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 24
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The perinephric fat layer of the kidney helps anchor the kidney to surrounding structures.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 25
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The perinephric fat provides cushion and support for the kidney.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 26
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The paranephric fat also provides support and cushion for the kidney.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 27
Frage
What are the two distinct regions of the kidney?
Antworten
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Renal Papilla
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Renal lobes
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Renal Cortex
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Renal Medulla
Frage 28
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The renal columns extend from the medulla into the cortex to subdivide it.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 29
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The medially directed apex (tip) of the renal pyramid called renal papilla
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 30
Frage
Which disease is the failure of a kidney to develop? (can have unilateral or bilateral)
Antworten
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Renal agenesis
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Horseshoe kidney
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Supernumerary kidneys
Frage 31
Frage
Which is asymptomatic, which one is fatal: unilateral renal agenesis or bilateral renal agenesis.
Antworten
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Unilateral - fatal, bilateral, asymptomatic
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Unilateral - asymptomatic, bilateral - fatal
Frage 32
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A Pelvic kidney may occur if the developing kidney fails to migrate from the pelvic cavity to the abdominal cavity (are asymptomatic and function normally)
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 33
Frage
What is the wide base of the renal pyramid lies at the external edge of the medulla, where it meets the cortex?
Antworten
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corticomedullary junction
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corticomedullary border
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both (same name)
Frage 34
Frage
The parenchyma of a human kidney can be dived into how many renal lobes?
Antworten
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8 to 15
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6-12
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8-12
Frage 35
Frage
A renal lobe consists of a renal pyramid, portions of renal column, portions of renal columns adjacent to either side of the renal pyramid, and the renal cortex external to the pyramid base.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 36
Frage
Each kidney contains a medially located space that serves as a urine drainage area called what?
Antworten
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renal calyces
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renal sinus
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minor sinus
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minor calyx
Frage 37
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The main function of the ________ is to filter blood and remove unwanted substances out of the body.
Antworten
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renal medulla
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renal cortex
Frage 38
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Housed within the space around the renal ______ are the renal artery, renal vein, lymph vessels, nerves, and a variable amount of fat.
Antworten
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sinus
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pelvis
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cortex
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medulla
Frage 39
Frage
This kidney structure enwraps the apex of the renal pyramids. Following production in the kidney, urine enters into a minor calyx following a passage through a renal papilla located at the apex. It then enters into the Major calyx and is passed into the ureter through the renal pelvis.
Antworten
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True
-
False
Frage 40
Frage
What is it called when extra kidneys that develop, but are rare and have no clinical significance.
Antworten
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Horseshoe kidneys
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Supernumerary kidneys
Frage 41
Frage
What develops when the inferior parts of the left and right kidneys fuse and they ascent from the pelvic cavity into the abdominal cavity?
Antworten
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Supernumerary kidneys
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Horseshoe kidney
Frage 42
Frage
The "dropping" or inferior movement of the kidney within the abdominal cavity.
Antworten
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hydronephrosis
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hyponephrosis
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renal ptosis
Frage 43
Frage
Urine backs up into the kidney which will result in a swelling of the kidney called hydronephrosis. If not treated, renal failure may occur.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 44
Frage
The loss of adipose connective tissue in very thin elderly people or individuals with anorexia may result in renal ptosis.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 45
Frage
What three anatomic structures of the kidney are innervated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
Antworten
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juxtaglomerular apparatus, afferent and efferent arterioles
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renal sinus, juxtaglomerular apparatus, renal pelvis
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juxtaglomerular apparatus, renal papilla, renal colums
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afferent and efferent arterioles, renal sinus
Frage 46
Frage
The general effect of sympathetic stimulation of the kidneys is to increase urine production.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 47
Frage
What is the microscopic functional filtration unit of the kidney?
Antworten
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Renin
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nephron
Frage 48
Frage
Each nephron consists of two major structures: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 49
Frage
All of the renal corpuscles and almost all of the renal tubules reside in the medulla.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 50
Frage
What is the enlarged, bulbous portion of a nephron housed within the renal cortex. Composed of two structures: glomerulus and the glomerular capsule.
Antworten
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Renal Tubule
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Renal Corpuscle
Frage 51
Frage
The glomerulus is a thick tangle of capillary loops called the glomerular capillaries.
Antworten
- True
- False
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