Karteikarten
Macromolecules
Karten in diesem Stapel (58)
- 1Hydrocarbonchains of carbon and hydrogens
- 2monosaturatedone double bond
- 3unsaturateda double bond
- 4saturatedmax number of hydrogens
no double bonds - 5Fiberimportant component of diet
helps sweep out digestive system - 64 macromoleculescarbohydrates, lipids, protiens, nucleic acids
- 7monomersmall individual organic molecules
- 8polymermonomer conbined
- 9Dehydration sythesisbuild a polymer out of monomers
water molecule released to create bonds - 10Hydrololysisbreaking down polymers
adding a water molecule to break bonds - 11carbohydrates functionenergy
- 12carbohydrates inclue 3 subtypes ofSugars
- 133 subtypes of sugar-monosaccharide
- disaccharide
-polysaccharide - 14simple sugarmonosaccharide
ex. glucose - 15storage of glucoseglycogen
- 162 monosaccharidesdisaccharide
ex maltose= 2 glucose - 17more than 2 monosaccharidepolysaccharides
long chains - 18Enantiomersmolecules that share the same chemical strucutre but are mirrored images
L- left
D- right - 19structure and function of polysaccharide depends onmonomers and position of glycosidic bonds
- 20covalent bonds that are formed between monosaccharidesGlycosidic
- 21What is starchStorage polysaccharide
- 22macromolecule that is nonpolar, hydrophobic and made of hydrocarbonsLipid
- 23what are the two main component of a lipidGlycerol and fatty acid
- 24What is a glycerol composed of3 carbon alcohols with hydroxyl group on each carbon
- 25Triglyceride3 fatty acids and glycerol
- 26Type of linkage in lipidsester linkage
- 27saturated fatsno double bonds and solid at room temp
- 28unsaturated fatsdouble bonds and liquid at room temp
- 29-ane -ene -yne-single carbon bond
-double carbon bond
-triple carbon bond - 30aldosescarbonyl group at end
- 31ketosescarbonyl group in middle
- 32Amylose, branched or unbranched (starch)unbranched
- 33Amylopectin, branched or unbranched (starch)branched
- 34most common monosaccharideGlucose
- 35what is a fatty acidcarboxyl group attached to hydrocarbon
- 36Omega 3sessential fatty acid
body does not synthesis it - 37fats functionenergy storage
9 kcal per gram - 38where do mammals store fatadipose cells
- 39what is a phosolipidmajor component of cell membrane
-2 fatty acids
-modified phosphate group
-glycerol - 40what part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic and hydrophillicfatty acids - hydrophobic
phosphate - hydrophillic - 41Amphipathicboth hydrophobic and hydrophillic
- 42what is a steriodcarbon skeleton of 4 linked rings
- 43most abundent and diverse macromoleculeprotien
- 44monomer of protiensamino acid
- 45amino acids are linked together with ____ bondspeptide
- 46primary structureamino acid sequence
- 47secondary structurealpha helix or beta sheets
- 48tertiary structure3-d structure
- 49bonds that hold together secondary protien structurehydrogen bonds
- 50quaternary structure2 or more polypeptide chains
doesnt always get to quaternary - 51macromolecule that carries blueprints for protiensnucleic acids
- 52central dogma of biodna-mrna-protien
- 53polymer of nucleic acidspolynucleotides
- 54components of polynuceotides-nitrogenous base
-pentose suagr
-phosphate group - 55pyrimidessingle rings
-cytosine
-thymine - 56purines2 rings
-adenine
-guanine - 57polynucleotides joined byphosphodiester bonds
- 58—