Karteikarten
Chapter 6
Karten in diesem Stapel (23)
- 1"Adapting style to reader" what does this mean, how is it accomplished, what is goal?know the person who will be doing the reading, know their style, language, professional standing. goal is to have effective message understood by reader.
- 24 examples of unnecessary words/phrases and correlating better choice1. it's a win-win situation: if you say this no one has won anything
2. think outside the box: this uncreative saying means you're already stuck inside the box
3. in today's world: it means now, say now!
4. push the envelope: there is no special envelope to push. I swear! - 3why are short words generally more effective than long words?short words communicate better than long. short words tend to be familiar, long words create impression of difficulty
- 4why is slang dangerous and ineffective in business messages?can make you sound flippant and annoying or confusing/uncreative
- 5what situations allow slang and technical language in business messages?only in situations where they'll work for rather than against you
- 6example of abstract sentence or phrase. rewrite in concrete language.abstract concrete
a significant loss a 53 percent loss
the majority 62 percent
in the near future by noon this thursday - 7what is a camouflaged verb, why avoid?when a verb is hidden inside a noun. makes it shorter and easier to understand if not used
- 8define active/passive voice, write same message both waysactive(direct) passive(indirect)
p- the results were reported in our july 9 letter
a- we reported the results in our july 9 letter - 9why is conciseness important in communication?so the message is conveyed and understood right.
- 10advantages of active/passive voice? when should each be used to effectively communicate?a- clearer and shorter. (who does what order)
p- enables to avoid blaming reader. (deemphasizes doer) - 11List and explain 3 techniques that help writers manage emphasis w/sentence structure1. put main idea in main clause
2. use coordination/subordination deliberately
3. use short sentences for emphasis - 12what is parallelism in writing?same kinds of content worded the same way
- 13what is redundancy and examplerepeating ideas by combining different words that mean the same thing. free gift, true fact, past history
- 14list 4 strategies to employ to ensure clear paragraphs1. keep paragraphs concise
2. give paragraphs unity
3. make paragraphs coherent
4. make each paragraph serve a strategic purpose - 15list 2 techniques to help write concise paragraphs1. use frequent paragraph breaks
2. omit unnecessary detail - 16list 3 techniques to write coherent paragraphs1. repetition of keywords
2. use of pronouns( to refer back to something earlier)
3. use of appropriate transitional words - 17explain and give example: use familiar wordsto communicate clearly, unfamiliar- purchase of a new fleet is not actionable at this juncture. familiar- buying new trucks is not practical now
- 18explain and give example: uses short wordsshort words communicate better than long words. long- the proposed enhancement is under consideration. short- we are considering your suggestion.
- 19explain and give example: use precise languageuse words that convey sharp, clear meanings, and right emotional tone. abstract- a significant loss. concrete- a 53 percent loss
- 20explain and give example: avoid slang and cliches-whythey come and go. "I know, right?": "I totally agree!"
- 21explain and give example: avoid dangling modifiersit's a modifier that does not clearly modify the right word in the sentence. not: believing that credit customers should have notice of the sale, special letters were mailed to them. this: believing that credit customers should have notice of the sale, we mailed special letters to them.
- 22explain and give example: use action verbs- why?action verbs make it lively, and interesting.
weak- without their expert work, or customer satisfaction ratings would be much lower than they are. Action- without their expert work, our customer satisfaction ratings would drop significantly - 23explain and give example: limit sentence contentdon't waste time. vague- we have a great company. specific- we've been voted one of the business courier's "best places to work" for the last five years
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- Chapter 6 final review lesson study questions
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