Karteikarten
Unit 2 Chapter 4 Vocabulary
Karten in diesem Stapel (33)
- 1HeredityThe Passing of traits from parents to offspring
- 2Geneticsthe branch of biology dealing with heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics
- 3GeneA segment of a DNA molecule that codes for a particular trait; Found at a specific location on a chormosome
- 4LocusThe location of a gene on a chromosome
- 5PolyploidHaving more than two sets of chromosomes; many plants are polyploids
- 6Asexual ReproductionThe production of offspring from a single parent; the genetic makeup of the offspring is identical to that of the parent
- 7Sexual ReproductionThe production of offspring from the fusion of two sex cells
- 8FragmentationA method of asexual reproduction in which a piece or body fragment of the parent organism develops into a mature individual
- 9MitosisThe process by which a eukaryotic cell divides the genetic material in its nucleus
- 10InterphaseThe portion of the cell cycle between mitosis divisions when the genetic material (in the form of chromatin) is duplicated
- 11ChromatinThe tangled strands of DNA and protein within a eukaryotic nucleus
- 12Cytokinesisthe process in which a eukaryotic cell divides its cytoplasm into two new daughter cells
- 13CloningThe process of produciong
- 14Sister ChromatidThe identical copy of a single chromosome that remains attached to the original chromosome at the centromere
- 15CytokinesisThe process in which a eukaryotic cell divides its cytoplasm into two new daughter cells
- 16CloningThe process of producing one individual that is genetically identical to another, using a single cell or tissue
- 17BiotechnologyThe use and modification of organisms for application in engineering, industry, and medicine
- 18Genetically Modified OrganismAn organism in which the genetic material has been altered using genetic engineered techniques
- 19GameteA sex cell; includes sperm cells in males and egg cells in females
- 20FertilizationThe formation of zygote by the joining together, or fusion, of two gametes
- 21ZygoteA cell produced by the fusion of two gametes
- 22Ovafemale sex cells (eggs cells)
- 23MeiosisA two-stage cell division in which the resulting daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell; results in the formation of gametes or spores
- 24Homologous ChromosomesMatching pairs of chromosomes, similar in size and carrying information for the same genes
- 25Tetrada pair of homologous chromosomes, each with two sister chromatids
- 26SynapsisThe physical pairing up of homologous chromosomes during prophase 1 of meiosis
- 27Crossing overThe exchange of chromosome segments between homologous pairs during synapsis
- 28GametogenesisThe production of gametes (sex cells) in animals
- 29SpermatogenesisThe production of mature sperm cells
- 30OogenesisThe production of mature egg cells
- 31KaryotypeThe chromosomes of an individual that have been sorted and arranged according to size and type
- 32Sex ChromosomesChromosomes that differ in males and females of the same species; the combination of sex chromosomes determines the sex of the offspring
- 33AutosomesNOn-sex Chromosomes
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