Karteikarten
Wine
Karten in diesem Stapel (110)
- 1What type of fungal disease is also known as Perenospera?Downy Mildew
- 2What are the 3 non-systemic diseases?Downy Mildew
Powdery Mildew
Grey rot - 3What is the difference between Noble & Grey rot?Noble rot occurs when grape is already ripe
- 4What is proper term for Noble Rot?Botrytis Cinerea
- 5At what temperature does bud break occur?10 degs C
- 6What is Coulure?It is when less flowers are pollinated than normal i.e. the grape crop will be less
- 7What is the the term of the combination of the natural factors making a vineyard?Terroir
- 8What is the term for grapes ripening ?(colour turning)Véraison
- 9What is diurnal temperature range?Difference between night and day temperatures
- 10When will a newly planted or grafted vine expect to produce its first crop of usable grapes?3 years
- 11What type of climate has high rainfall and mild temperatures overall?Maritime
- 12What term is often used to refer to the climate of a single section or row of a vineyard?Microclimate
- 13What is the term for abnormal fruit set, sometimes caused by bad weather, resulting in many small, seedless berries in the bunches of grapesMillerandage
- 14What is IPM?Integrated Pest Management
- 15What unit of value is used to measure potential alcohol in a vat of grape must in France?Baume
- 16What areas (degrees) of latitude are ideal for viticulture?30-50 degrees
- 17What is the term used for the type of vine training system where no trellis is used?Gobelet
(bush training) - 18What is the proper term for the trunk and the major root system of a grapevine?Rootstock
- 19What is the name of a spur-pruned vine system where the branches from each vine are trained along a wire?Cordon
- 20What term is often used to refer to the weather conditions of an overall region?Climate
or
Macroclimate - 21What are the two types of winter pruning?Replacement Cane pruning
Spur pruning - 22What is the term used for the preferred method of grape propagation that involves cutting off a small piece of a young vine and allowing it to grow roots?Cloning
- 23What is the name of the root-eating louse that attacks vines?Phylloxera
- 24Who is Rudolf Steiner?Developer of Biodynamics
- 25What is the name of the process where sunlight is used by the vine to create sugar?Photosynthesis
- 26What is the process of Photosynthesis?
- 27What is the term for the transition from flower to berry?Fruit set
- 28What is VSP?Vertical Shoot Positioning
- 29What is the name of the vine training system where vine are trained up a tall support and the fruit is allowed to hang down?Pergola
- 30In general, how much water do grapevines require annually?50-75cm
- 31At what age does a grapevine start to decline in vigor?20 years
- 32What fungal vine disease is also known as oidium?Powdery Mildew
- 33What is the name used for a simple cane-pruned system where one cane from each vine is trained along a wire, all in the same direction?Guyot
(or Replacement Cane Pruning) - 34What is the ideal weather during the flowering of the vine?15 deg C,
plenty of sunlight
no/little rain - 35What is the term used for the increased direct sunlight that a vineyard on a hillside facing the sun enjoys?The Aspect (facing equator)
- 36How many years after planting or grafting will a grapevine develop to a point where it is producing optimum quality fruit?6 years
- 37What is the term used for a vine's branches, while they are young and thin?Canes (or spurs depending on number of shoots)
- 38What is the difference between a cane and a spur?Cane = 8-15 buds
Spur = 2-3 buds
(Both are one year old wood) - 39What is the term used for the type of grape propagation where an unrooted cutting is inserted into the trunk of an existing vine?Field grafting
- 40What type of climate is found in areas far away from oceans, and experiences overall cold winters and hot summers?Continental
- 41What is the process of Respiration?
- 42What are Nemotodes?They are worms that attack vine roots
- 43How do nemtoodes cause damage?They reduce yields, make the vine more suseptible to stress and transmit virus?
- 44What type of climate is characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters?Mediterranean
- 45What are the synonyms for Tempranillo grape?Ull de Llebre
Cencibel
Tinta Roriz
Aragonez
Tinto del Pais - 46To achieve optimal ripeness, how many hours of sunshine do grapes need (in general)?1,500 hours
- 47How many mm of rain do vines need per year (in general)?700mm
- 48What grape variety is commonly added to the Syrah-based wines of the Côte-RôtieVoignier
- 49What can be added to grape must to reduce acidity?Potassium Bicarbonate
mix of Calcium corbonate & clacium tartrate-malate (this is more effective) - 50What is Remontage?Also called "pumping over" it is the process of drawing wine from bottom of fermentation vat and pumping over the cap
- 51What are advantages of "pumping over"?Dissipates heat
Oxygenates juice (good for yeast)
Improves colour extraction - 52How often is remontage done?twice a day
- 53What is a hybrid grape variety?A hybrid grape variety is the offspring of two separate grape species e.g. Vitus Vinifera & Vitis Lambrusca
- 54Name main grape speciesVitis Vinifera
Vitis Berlandieri
Vitis Riparia
Vitis rupestris
Vitis Lambrusca - 55Why can't you grow other grape species other than Vitis Vinifera in EU?1. It is not allowed by law (can use them as rootstock though)
2. They tend to make poor quality wine - 56What technique is used to make rose champagne?Blending (i.e. mixing red & white wine)
- 57What are the four techniques for extraction during fermentation?Pumping over (remontage)
Punching down
Rack & Return
Rotary fermenters - 58What is Saignee?Saignee is equivalent of bleeding whereby a portion of the juice is drawn off, but the rest left to ferment. i.e. rose is by-product of making a red wine
- 59What are the three ways of making a rose wine?Drawing off
Saignee (bleeding)
Blending - 60Does EU allow blending to make a rose wine?No, unless it is to make rose champagne
- 61Why does Saignee make lower quality rose wine?Because rose is a by-product of making red wine and the grape used to make red aren't the best for making rose
- 62What grape is used to make red win from Chinon?Cabernet Franc
- 63What are the four grapes allowed in Vendage Tardive?Riesling
Pinot Gris
Muscat
Gerwurtztraminer - 64What is "Sainte-Croix-du-Mont"AA sweet white wine from Entre-Deux-Mers
- 65Name four Chablis Grand-CruLes Clos
Blanchot
Grenouilles
Bourgros - 66Name four grapes of Burgundy ACPinot Noir
Chardonnay
Gamay
Aligote - 67Name the villages in Cote de Beaunes going from North to SouthAloxe-Corton
Pommard
Volnay
Meursault
Puligny-Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet - 68Name the key Beaujolais Cru going from North to SouthSaint Amour
Julienas
Chenas
Moulin-a-vent
Fleurie
Chiroubles
Morgon
Regnie
Brouilly
Cote de Brouilly - 69Name the four key AC's in Cote Chalonnaise from N to SBouzeron
Rully
Mercurey
Givry
Montagny - 70Name the key AC's of the MâconnaisMâcon
Mâcon-villages
Pouilly-Fuissé
Saint Véran
Viré-Clessé - 71Name the key regions of Burgundy going from N-SCôte de nuits
Côte de Beaune
Côte Chalonnaise
Mâconnais
Beaujolais - 72What are "Special Quality Wines" from HungaryThey are produced using Botrytis affected grapes
- 73What grapes are used to make champagne?Meurnier
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay - 74What grape is used to make Blanc de Blancs champagneChardonnay
- 75What grapes are used to make Blanc de Noirs champagneMeurnier
Pinot Noir - 76How does Blanc de Blancs compare with Blanc de Noirs champagne?Blanc de noirs has deeper golden colour and more intense flavour
Blanc de blancs is more restrained and elegant - 77What is riddling?Process to move lees sediment in champagne to the neck of the bottle at the end of the second fermentation
- 78What is a "tinaja"?A large clay vat traditionally used for storing wines in Spain
- 79What does the term "Garrafeira" refer to?A quality standard and aging requirement for Portugese wines.
min 6 mths oak & 6mths bottle for white
2yrs cask & 1yr bottle for red - 80What grapes are used in the Duoro area?Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Cão - 81What are the three main grapes of the Valpolicella DOC?Corvina = main one
Rondinella
Molinara - 82What is "Teroldego"?A red grape variety grown in Trentino
- 83What Italian region has the highest proportion of DOC productionTrentino-Alto Adige
- 84What the key grape varieties of Terras do Sado?Loureira
Paderna - 85What are the permitted white grape varieties of Rioja?Virua
Malvasia
Garnacha Blanca - 86What is "aspersion"?A system of using an insulating coat of ice to protect young shoots from spring frost damage
- 87What is the name of the traditional stone terracing in the Duoro?Socalcos
- 88What is the capacity of the traditional "pipe" used for storing port in port houses?550L
- 89What does RM on a bottle of Champagne mean?It is a grower's champagne
- 90What does "Dégorgement Tardive" mean?The wine was released very soon after disgorging
- 91How can one increase acid in a grape must?Add tartaric acid crystals (happens more often in new world wines)
- 92What are synonyms for the Chasselas grape varietyFendant
Dorin
Perlan - 93Name four villages in Saint-EmilionMontagne
Lussac
Puissegin
Saint-Georges - 94What factors make up "Terroir"?Aspect
Slope
Climate
Weather
Grape
Soil (sometimes just this) - 95What is Chlorosis?Symptom linked to nutritional deficiency (particularly Iron). Leaves turn yellow due to lack of chlorophyll => reduced photosynthesis
- 96What is best cure for Chlorosis?Use rootstocks used to limestone soild (high levels of limestone are often the cause)
- 97What is Charmat method?It is where curvée is transferred to a tank for secondary fermentation and bottled under pressure
- 98What is Phylloxera?Disease caused by insects that infects roots that cut off flow of water and nutrients to vine. THERE IS NO CURE
- 99What is Pierce's disease?Caused by Glassy-winged Sharpshooters. Creates a gel in the vine vascular tissue. This inhibits water flow. Turns leaves yellow/brown and then drop off. Vine is dead in 1-5 years
- 100What are 4 types of Tequila?Blanco = unaged & white
Joven/oro = unaged, but caramel added
Resposado= ≤1yr in cask. Pale golden
Añejo = rested ≥ 1yr in 600L bourbon barrels (new or old oak) - 101What is the difference between Mezcal & Tequila?Mezcal is from anywhere in Mexico. Tequila is from the specific region
- 102What percentage of fermentable sugars in Tequila must come from Blue Agave?51%
- 103Why is tequila not aged more than 3 years?Because hot temperatures mean that oak overwhelms Agave flavour
- 104What does Flor yeast need to grow?Oxygen
Nutrients (glycerol & acids)
Cool temperatures
High humidity
Alcohol levels between 14.5 & 16% - 105What does Flor yeast do in Sherry?Reduces alcohol and sugar levels. Produces acetaldehydes. i.e fino sherries are bone dry and have distinct flavour
- 106What does Flor do with glycerol?Uses it to support growth
- 107What is KWV?It was the South African central Wine monopoly. Disbanded in 1997.
- 108What are the ordering of geographical units in South Africa? (from largest to smallest)Region, district, ward, estate
- 109What are the ordering of German Geographical classification?Anbaugebeit, Bereich, Grosslage (group of vineyards), Einzellage (single vineyard)
- 110What are the three sub-regions of Rioja?Rioja Alavesa (≤ 800m & 500mm rain, chalky soil)
Rioja Alta (500-800m, 500mm rain, limestone soils)
Rioja Baja (lower alt, 300mm rain => drought, heavy clay soils)
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- Karteikarten am Wine, erstellt von SenorMonito am 05/03/2014.
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