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Flashcards

Wine

SenorMonito English 110 cards

Wine

Cards in this deck (110)

  1. 1What type of fungal disease is also known as Perenospera?Downy Mildew
  2. 2What are the 3 non-systemic diseases?Downy Mildew
    Powdery Mildew
    Grey rot
  3. 3What is the difference between Noble & Grey rot?Noble rot occurs when grape is already ripe
  4. 4What is proper term for Noble Rot?Botrytis Cinerea
  5. 5At what temperature does bud break occur?10 degs C
  6. 6What is Coulure?It is when less flowers are pollinated than normal i.e. the grape crop will be less
  7. 7What is the the term of the combination of the natural factors making a vineyard?Terroir
  8. 8What is the term for grapes ripening ?(colour turning)Véraison
  9. 9What is diurnal temperature range?Difference between night and day temperatures
  10. 10When will a newly planted or grafted vine expect to produce its first crop of usable grapes?3 years
  11. 11What type of climate has high rainfall and mild temperatures overall?Maritime
  12. 12What term is often used to refer to the climate of a single section or row of a vineyard?Microclimate
  13. 13What is the term for abnormal fruit set, sometimes caused by bad weather, resulting in many small, seedless berries in the bunches of grapesMillerandage
  14. 14What is IPM?Integrated Pest Management
  15. 15What unit of value is used to measure potential alcohol in a vat of grape must in France?Baume
  16. 16What areas (degrees) of latitude are ideal for viticulture?30-50 degrees
  17. 17What is the term used for the type of vine training system where no trellis is used?Gobelet
    (bush training)
  18. 18What is the proper term for the trunk and the major root system of a grapevine?Rootstock
  19. 19What is the name of a spur-pruned vine system where the branches from each vine are trained along a wire?Cordon
  20. 20What term is often used to refer to the weather conditions of an overall region?Climate
    or
    Macroclimate
  21. 21What are the two types of winter pruning?Replacement Cane pruning
    Spur pruning
  22. 22What is the term used for the preferred method of grape propagation that involves cutting off a small piece of a young vine and allowing it to grow roots?Cloning
  23. 23What is the name of the root-eating louse that attacks vines?Phylloxera
  24. 24Who is Rudolf Steiner?Developer of Biodynamics
  25. 25What is the name of the process where sunlight is used by the vine to create sugar?Photosynthesis
  26. 26What is the process of Photosynthesis?What is the process of Photosynthesis?
  27. 27What is the term for the transition from flower to berry?Fruit set
  28. 28What is VSP?Vertical Shoot Positioning
  29. 29What is the name of the vine training system where vine are trained up a tall support and the fruit is allowed to hang down?Pergola
  30. 30In general, how much water do grapevines require annually?50-75cm
  31. 31At what age does a grapevine start to decline in vigor?20 years
  32. 32What fungal vine disease is also known as oidium?Powdery Mildew
  33. 33What is the name used for a simple cane-pruned system where one cane from each vine is trained along a wire, all in the same direction?Guyot
    (or Replacement Cane Pruning)
  34. 34What is the ideal weather during the flowering of the vine?15 deg C,
    plenty of sunlight
    no/little rain
  35. 35What is the term used for the increased direct sunlight that a vineyard on a hillside facing the sun enjoys?The Aspect (facing equator)
  36. 36How many years after planting or grafting will a grapevine develop to a point where it is producing optimum quality fruit?6 years
  37. 37What is the term used for a vine's branches, while they are young and thin?Canes (or spurs depending on number of shoots)
  38. 38What is the difference between a cane and a spur?Cane = 8-15 buds
    Spur = 2-3 buds
    (Both are one year old wood)
  39. 39What is the term used for the type of grape propagation where an unrooted cutting is inserted into the trunk of an existing vine?Field grafting
  40. 40What type of climate is found in areas far away from oceans, and experiences overall cold winters and hot summers?Continental
  41. 41What is the process of Respiration?What is the process of Respiration?
  42. 42What are Nemotodes?They are worms that attack vine roots
  43. 43How do nemtoodes cause damage?They reduce yields, make the vine more suseptible to stress and transmit virus?
  44. 44What type of climate is characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters?Mediterranean
  45. 45What are the synonyms for Tempranillo grape?Ull de Llebre
    Cencibel
    Tinta Roriz
    Aragonez
    Tinto del Pais
  46. 46To achieve optimal ripeness, how many hours of sunshine do grapes need (in general)?1,500 hours
  47. 47How many mm of rain do vines need per year (in general)?700mm
  48. 48What grape variety is commonly added to the Syrah-based wines of the Côte-RôtieVoignier
  49. 49What can be added to grape must to reduce acidity?Potassium Bicarbonate
    mix of Calcium corbonate & clacium tartrate-malate (this is more effective)
  50. 50What is Remontage?Also called "pumping over" it is the process of drawing wine from bottom of fermentation vat and pumping over the cap
  51. 51What are advantages of "pumping over"?Dissipates heat
    Oxygenates juice (good for yeast)
    Improves colour extraction
  52. 52How often is remontage done?twice a day
  53. 53What is a hybrid grape variety?A hybrid grape variety is the offspring of two separate grape species e.g. Vitus Vinifera & Vitis Lambrusca
  54. 54Name main grape speciesVitis Vinifera
    Vitis Berlandieri
    Vitis Riparia
    Vitis rupestris
    Vitis Lambrusca
  55. 55Why can't you grow other grape species other than Vitis Vinifera in EU?1. It is not allowed by law (can use them as rootstock though)
    2. They tend to make poor quality wine
  56. 56What technique is used to make rose champagne?Blending (i.e. mixing red & white wine)
  57. 57What are the four techniques for extraction during fermentation?Pumping over (remontage)
    Punching down
    Rack & Return
    Rotary fermenters
  58. 58What is Saignee?Saignee is equivalent of bleeding whereby a portion of the juice is drawn off, but the rest left to ferment. i.e. rose is by-product of making a red wine
  59. 59What are the three ways of making a rose wine?Drawing off
    Saignee (bleeding)
    Blending
  60. 60Does EU allow blending to make a rose wine?No, unless it is to make rose champagne
  61. 61Why does Saignee make lower quality rose wine?Because rose is a by-product of making red wine and the grape used to make red aren't the best for making rose
  62. 62What grape is used to make red win from Chinon?Cabernet Franc
  63. 63What are the four grapes allowed in Vendage Tardive?Riesling
    Pinot Gris
    Muscat
    Gerwurtztraminer
  64. 64What is "Sainte-Croix-du-Mont"AA sweet white wine from Entre-Deux-Mers
  65. 65Name four Chablis Grand-CruLes Clos
    Blanchot
    Grenouilles
    Bourgros
  66. 66Name four grapes of Burgundy ACPinot Noir
    Chardonnay
    Gamay
    Aligote
  67. 67Name the villages in Cote de Beaunes going from North to SouthAloxe-Corton
    Pommard
    Volnay
    Meursault
    Puligny-Montrachet
    Chassagne-Montrachet
  68. 68Name the key Beaujolais Cru going from North to SouthSaint Amour
    Julienas
    Chenas
    Moulin-a-vent
    Fleurie
    Chiroubles
    Morgon
    Regnie
    Brouilly
    Cote de Brouilly
  69. 69Name the four key AC's in Cote Chalonnaise from N to SBouzeron
    Rully
    Mercurey
    Givry
    Montagny
  70. 70Name the key AC's of the MâconnaisMâcon
    Mâcon-villages
    Pouilly-Fuissé
    Saint Véran
    Viré-Clessé
  71. 71Name the key regions of Burgundy going from N-SCôte de nuits
    Côte de Beaune
    Côte Chalonnaise
    Mâconnais
    Beaujolais
  72. 72What are "Special Quality Wines" from HungaryThey are produced using Botrytis affected grapes
  73. 73What grapes are used to make champagne?Meurnier
    Pinot Noir
    Chardonnay
  74. 74What grape is used to make Blanc de Blancs champagneChardonnay
  75. 75What grapes are used to make Blanc de Noirs champagneMeurnier
    Pinot Noir
  76. 76How does Blanc de Blancs compare with Blanc de Noirs champagne?Blanc de noirs has deeper golden colour and more intense flavour
    Blanc de blancs is more restrained and elegant
  77. 77What is riddling?Process to move lees sediment in champagne to the neck of the bottle at the end of the second fermentation
  78. 78What is a "tinaja"?A large clay vat traditionally used for storing wines in Spain
  79. 79What does the term "Garrafeira" refer to?A quality standard and aging requirement for Portugese wines.
    min 6 mths oak & 6mths bottle for white
    2yrs cask & 1yr bottle for red
  80. 80What grapes are used in the Duoro area?Touriga Nacional
    Touriga Franca
    Tinta Barroca
    Tinta Roriz
    Tinta Cão
  81. 81What are the three main grapes of the Valpolicella DOC?Corvina = main one
    Rondinella
    Molinara
  82. 82What is "Teroldego"?A red grape variety grown in Trentino
  83. 83What Italian region has the highest proportion of DOC productionTrentino-Alto Adige
  84. 84What the key grape varieties of Terras do Sado?Loureira
    Paderna
  85. 85What are the permitted white grape varieties of Rioja?Virua
    Malvasia
    Garnacha Blanca
  86. 86What is "aspersion"?A system of using an insulating coat of ice to protect young shoots from spring frost damage
  87. 87What is the name of the traditional stone terracing in the Duoro?Socalcos
  88. 88What is the capacity of the traditional "pipe" used for storing port in port houses?550L
  89. 89What does RM on a bottle of Champagne mean?It is a grower's champagne
  90. 90What does "Dégorgement Tardive" mean?The wine was released very soon after disgorging
  91. 91How can one increase acid in a grape must?Add tartaric acid crystals (happens more often in new world wines)
  92. 92What are synonyms for the Chasselas grape varietyFendant
    Dorin
    Perlan
  93. 93Name four villages in Saint-EmilionMontagne
    Lussac
    Puissegin
    Saint-Georges
  94. 94What factors make up "Terroir"?Aspect
    Slope
    Climate
    Weather
    Grape
    Soil (sometimes just this)
  95. 95What is Chlorosis?Symptom linked to nutritional deficiency (particularly Iron). Leaves turn yellow due to lack of chlorophyll => reduced photosynthesis
  96. 96What is best cure for Chlorosis?Use rootstocks used to limestone soild (high levels of limestone are often the cause)
  97. 97What is Charmat method?It is where curvée is transferred to a tank for secondary fermentation and bottled under pressure
  98. 98What is Phylloxera?Disease caused by insects that infects roots that cut off flow of water and nutrients to vine. THERE IS NO CURE
  99. 99What is Pierce's disease?Caused by Glassy-winged Sharpshooters. Creates a gel in the vine vascular tissue. This inhibits water flow. Turns leaves yellow/brown and then drop off. Vine is dead in 1-5 years
  100. 100What are 4 types of Tequila?Blanco = unaged & white
    Joven/oro = unaged, but caramel added
    Resposado= ≤1yr in cask. Pale golden
    Añejo = rested ≥ 1yr in 600L bourbon barrels (new or old oak)
  101. 101What is the difference between Mezcal & Tequila?Mezcal is from anywhere in Mexico. Tequila is from the specific region
  102. 102What percentage of fermentable sugars in Tequila must come from Blue Agave?51%
  103. 103Why is tequila not aged more than 3 years?Because hot temperatures mean that oak overwhelms Agave flavour
  104. 104What does Flor yeast need to grow?Oxygen
    Nutrients (glycerol & acids)
    Cool temperatures
    High humidity
    Alcohol levels between 14.5 & 16%
  105. 105What does Flor yeast do in Sherry?Reduces alcohol and sugar levels. Produces acetaldehydes. i.e fino sherries are bone dry and have distinct flavour
  106. 106What does Flor do with glycerol?Uses it to support growth
  107. 107What is KWV?It was the South African central Wine monopoly. Disbanded in 1997.
  108. 108What are the ordering of geographical units in South Africa? (from largest to smallest)Region, district, ward, estate
  109. 109What are the ordering of German Geographical classification?Anbaugebeit, Bereich, Grosslage (group of vineyards), Einzellage (single vineyard)
  110. 110What are the three sub-regions of Rioja?Rioja Alavesa (≤ 800m & 500mm rain, chalky soil)
    Rioja Alta (500-800m, 500mm rain, limestone soils)
    Rioja Baja (lower alt, 300mm rain => drought, heavy clay soils)

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Flashcards on Wine, created by SenorMonito on 05/03/2014.
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SenorMonito
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