Intro to Sociology

Frage	Antworten
What is Sociology?	The systematic study of social institutions, social relationships, and society.
Where did Sociology come from?	The Three Revolutions: 1. Thought Revolution 2.Political Revolution 3. Industrial Revolution
What are the two periods of the Thought Revolution & what were their impacts?	1. Scientific Revolution Gave us the scientific method 2. Enlightenment "If there are laws governing the natural world, maybe there are laws governing the social world too.
What was the impact of the Political Revolution?	Chaos brings about different reactions from people, classified as "paradigms". (Roller-coasters vs. Merry Go Rounders)
What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution?	Changed the means of production and spurred urbanization. Industrialization brought about specialization, forever changing western society.
Definition of Paradigm & the Three Types.	Paradigm: The framework for how we see the world. (1) Conflict Perspective (Roller-Coaster) (2) Structural Functionalist (MerryGo) (3) Symbolic Interactionism Came from Political Revolution
Conflict Perspective Paradigm	Believes that there will always be a small group in power changing things, and they go with the flow. Macrolevel Perspective (large scale social processes.)
Structural Functionalist Pardigm	Believes that laws get made and changed based on a "majority rules" mindset, and that things mostly only get changed to keep the status quo. Macrolevel Perspective (large scale social processes)
Symbolic Interactionism Paradigm	This perspective looks at the messages sent and received between individuals, and how that information is understood & affects the situation. ONLY Microlevel Perspective (small scale) ex. "I like you." from a good looking person will be received better than it would coming from an ugly person.
Who was the first person to give a concept of social class?	Karl Marx
What is Marx's definition of social class based on?	Economics
What are the Social Classes associated with Karl Marx? What were they based off?	Based off: Economics Classes 1. Bourgeois - owners of means of production 2. Proletariat - workers who sold labor for capital
What are the Social Classes associated with Max Weber? What were they based off?	Based off: Class, Status, and "Party" Power Classes: 1. Upper 2. Middle 3. Lower -Emphasized subjective elements over economics. (status, power, ect.)
What are the Social Classes associated with Gerhard Lenski? What were they based off?	Based off: The ability to provide sustenance. Classes: 1. Depends on the level of industrialization, size of the population, and level of technology in a particular society. (The more high tech, the more stratified it becomes.)
What are the Social Classes associated with W. Lloyd Warner (Yankee Town)? What were they based off?	Based Off: Kinship & way of life Classes: *Three Classes, Six Divisions 1. Upper Upper (old elite family) 2. Lower Upper (rich w/ less lineage) 3.Upper Middle (lineage less important, white collar) 4. Lower Middle (highest blue collar, lower white) 5. Upper Lower (working class, respectable) 6. Lower Lower (unemployed, disrespectable)
What are the Social Classes associated with The Lynd's (Middletown)? What were they based off?	Based off: Occupation (weight of job = social standing) Classes: Two Classes; Six Divisions 1. Upper (old money) 2. Upper Middle (highest earners) 3. Lower Middle (civil service, semi-pro) 4. Upper Working (aristocracy of local labor) 5. Lower Working (semi- and unskilled workers) 6. Marginal (irregularly employed & poor housing)
What are the Social Classes associated with Coleman & Rainwater? What were they based off?	Based off: A declining importance in kinship & a rising importance in education. 1.Education Level 2. Job Classes: *Three Classes; Seven Divisions 1. Upper Upper (inherited wealth) 2. Lower Upper (top pros) 3. Upper Middle (managers) 4. Middle (small business, low level pro.) 5. Working (high blue collar) 6. Semipoor (unskilled labor) 7. The Bottom (unemployed)
What are the Social Classes associated with Gilbert & Kahl? What were they based off?	Based Off: Subjective Elements (Weberian Model) Classes: 1. Capitalist (investor, heir, exec. w/ lineage) 2. Upper Middle (upper manager professionals) 3. Middle (lower manager, semi-pro, skilled craft, non-retail) 4. Working (low playing blue, clerical, retail) 5. Underclass (unemployed or part-time, public assistance)
What book did C. Wright Mills write & what was it's implication?	The Sociological Imagination Means that what happens in your own life is connected to the bigger picture of what society is going through. (ex. Divorce rate is high when economy is low.)
List the Sociologist & Their Social Class Models in order:	1. Karl Marx (1850s) Economy 2. Max Weber (1890s) Subjective Elements; class, status, & power 3. W. Lloyd Warner (1930s) Prestige through kinship 4. The Lynd's (1930s) Occupation 5. Coleman & Rainwater (1970s) Education 6. Gilbert & Kahn (2000s) Subjective Elements: Weberian Model
List the Cities that are associated with Sociologists	1. Yankee City (1930s) Warner 2. Middletown (1930s) Lynds
When does Industrialization mean for society?	Specialization increased when Industrialization did. Provided more jobs for more people, which created more qualities for social stratification to rank. This gave life to more social classes.
Social characteristics (are/aren't) static?	Are Static

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