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Individual factors in the learner´s development

Cognitive

affective

physical and psychological

intelligence

Language aptitude

Cognitive style:

Learning strategies

Field independence / dependence

Direct: memory, cognitive compensation.

Indirect: metacognitive, affective, social.

Attitudes towards language learning

Motivation for language learning

a) extrinsic

b)intrinsic

c)integrative

d)instrumental

e)resultative

Age

Personality

a)extroversion/introversion

b)risk taking/inhibition

c)anxiety

d)tolerance of ambiguity

e)other