Participle clauses

PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

used to

are

Present participle clauses

Past participle clauses

Perfect participle clauses

used to

substitutes for

Subordinate sentences formed with a gerund or a participle without the presence of a subject.

in sentences NOT is placed at

Avoid repetition and shorten complex sentences

classified in

e.g.

The beginning of the participle clause

Not knowing what else to do, I called the police.

substitutes for

substitutes for

The subject and a different form of the verb

used to

The subject and a verb in a perfect form

The subject and the verb be

Add information about the subject of the main clause

Talk about an action that happened at the same time as another action

Give the reason for an action

Give de result of an action

Add information about the subject of the main clause

Give the reason for an action

used to

Show that the action described was finished before the action in the main clause.

Structured to make an active or passive meaning.

can be

e.g.

The bomb exploded, destroying the building.

Knowing she loved reading, Richard bought her a book.

Standing in the queue, I realised I didn’t have any money.

Starting in the new year, the new policy bans cars in the city centre.

Having got dressed, he slowly went downstairs.

Filled with pride, he walked towards the stage.

Worried by the news, she called the hospital.

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