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Pyramidal Tract:

The pyramidal tract (or corticospinal/corticobulbar tract) is the major motor pathway responsible for voluntary movement. It carries efferent (motor) signals from the brain to the body and consists of two components:

Corticospinal tract: Controls voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk.

Corticobulbar tract: Controls voluntary movement of the face, head, and neck via cranial nerve motor nuclei.

This pathway originates in the motor cortex, travels through the internal capsule, brainstem (midbrain, pons, medulla), and spinal cord. Lesions at any level disrupt motor function, leading to upper motor neuron (UMN) signs (e.g., spasticity, hyperreflexia, Babinski sign).