Flashcards
Week 8 Endocrine Pharmacology
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1Insufficient hormone secretionDiabetes: Insulin
Hypothyroidism: Thyroxine - 2Excessive hormone secretionTumours
Cushing's disease: adrenal corticosteroids
Hyperthyroidism: thyroxine - 3Adrenal Steroidsmineralcorticosteroids, glucocorticoids (used as anti-inflammatory agents)
- 4Cushing's diseaseexcessive exposure to glucocorticoids
symptoms: moonface, red cheeks, adbo fat, easy bruising, poor wound healing - 5Insulinhormone controlling intermediary metabolism, actions on liver, muscle, fat
- 6Diabetesinability to control blood glucose due to inadequate insulin action
- 7Type 1 diabeteslack of insulin secretion, usually in pts less than 20 years, sudden onset
- 8Type2 diabetesresistance to insulin, usually in pts over 35 years, obese, late onset
- 9Goals of therapy for diabetesreplace insulin to physiological levels
obtain metabolic control
regulate glucose levels
diet and exercise
monitoring is pivotal - 10Treatment for type 1 diabetesreplace insulin
- 11Treatment for type 2 diabetesInsulin resistant
Oral hypoglycemics
Glucose lowering drugs
e.g. sulfonylureas (giblenclamide)- enhance insulin release
Biguanine(Metformin)- decrease glucose production, increase glucose utilisation in tissues
Glitazones (rosiglitazone)- increase insulin sensitivity - 12Insulin formations duration of actionultra short acting- Afrezza, 15 min
Short acting- injection insulin, 30 min
Medium acting- zinc suspension, 1-3 hours
Long acting- zinc suspension crystaling, 2-6 hours - 13Insulin adverse effectsgenerally rare
allergic reactions
lipodystrophy
overdose
hypoglycemia symptoms
fainting, sweating, tremor - 14Insulin drug interactionsbeta blockers- mask symptoms of hypoglycemia
Corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, produce hyperglycemia
alcohol, produces hyporglycemia, intoxication causes loss of attention to glucose control
CNS stimulants, hyperglycemia
Smoking, hyperglycemia - 15Type 2 Diabetes stepwise approachLifestyle changes- first step
Start pharmacotherapy if pts do not achieve treatment
start with oral medications glucose-lowering
progressively intensify therapy by adding medication if treatment targets - 16Oral Hypoglycemics -adverse effectsMetformin- GI upsets, hypoglycemia, anemia, interaction with alcohol, beta adrenoreceptors
Sulphonylurea- hypoglycemia, GI upsets, weight gain, interaction with alcohol, NSAIDS, monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Glitazones- weight gain, anemia, hepatic toxicity, heart failure
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Week 8 Endocrine Pharmacology, created by Deleted user on 08/10/2017.
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- Created by Elizabeth Then · Oct 7, 2017
- Copied by Elizabeth Then · Oct 8, 2017
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