Flashcards
Antibiotic classes
Cards in this deck (30)
- 1What is the mechanism of action of Beta lactams?Interfere with cell wall synthesis
Binds to and inactivates Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) (enzymes that catalyse the cross-linking of peptidogylcan in cell walls)
→ crosslinking inhibited
→ peptidoglycan precursors accumulate in cell
→ autolysis signal
→ apoptosis. - 2What is the mechanism of action of Aminoglycosides?Bind to ribosomes → fail to make proteins → death
- 3What is the mechanism of action of Chloramphenicol?Binds to ribosomes → inhibits protein synthesis.
- 4What is the mechanism of action of Daptomycin?Attaches to and disrupts bacterial cell membrane.
- 5What is the mechanism of action of Glycopeptides?Inhibits cell wall synthesis (like beta lactams; bind to precursors and prevent peptidoglycan chains cross linking)
→ no cell wall formed
→ new cells die - 6What is the mechanism of action of Lincosamides?Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis
- 7What is the mechanism of action of Macrolides?Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis
- 8What is the mechanism of action of Nitroimidazoles?Damage microbial DNA
- 9What is the mechanism of action of Oxazolidonones?Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis
- 10What is the mechanism of action of Polymyxin?Insert into bacterial outer membrane → increase cell permeability → death
- 11What is the mechanism of action of Quinolones?Inhibit DNA replication and repair
- 12What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycins?Inhibit RNA synthesis → no proteins made
- 13What is the mechanism of action of Streptogramins?Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis
- 14What is the mechanism of action of Sulfanamides and trimethropin?Inhibit folate synthesis
- 15What is the mechanism of action of Tetracyclines?Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis
- Binding is reversible (so bacteriostatic only) - 16Tetracyclines examples- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
- Tigecycline - 17Sulfanamides and trimethropin exampleSulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (very effective synergistic combo)
- 18Streptogramins examples- Synergistic combination: quinupristin-dalfopristin
- Pristinamycin is effects against some gram neg as well. - 19Rifamycins examples- Rifampin
and
- Rifabutin
only - 20Quinolones examples- Ciprofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
- Norfloxacin
- Ofloxacin - 21Polymyxin examples- Polymyxin B
- Polymyxin E - 22Oxazolidonones exampleLinezolid only
- 23Nitroimidazoles examples- Metronidazole
and
- Tinidazole
only - 24Macrolides examples- Erythromycin
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin - 25Lincosamides examples- Clindamycin
- Lincomycin - 26GlycopeptidesInhibits cell wall synthesis (like beta lactams; bind to precursors and prevent peptidoglycan chains cross linking) → no cell wall formed → new cells die
- 27DaptomycinAttaches to and disrupts bacterial cell membrane.
- 28ChloramphenicolChloramphenicol only
- 29Aminoglycosides examples- Gentamycin
- Tobramycin
- Amikacin
- Streptomycin
- Paromycin
- Neomycin
- Framycetin - 30Beta-lactams examples- Carbapenams
- Cephalosporins
- Monobactams
- Penicillins (e.g. amoxycillin)
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- Flashcards on Antibiotic classes, created by fbleathman on 20/08/2013.
- Created by
- fbleathman · Aug 2013
- Updated
- Feb 19, 2016
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