Flashcards
Biology ks3
Cards in this deck (49)
- 1Where are chromosomes found?Chromosomes are found in the Nucleus.
- 2What is the definition of a "characteristic feature"?Something that one animal has different to another animal in the same species.
- 3Why do different species look different?Because they have very different genes.
- 4What is a "gene bank" and what are they used for?A store of the genes of different species.
If a species becomes endangered or extinct, we could use stored genes to create new members of that species. - 5What is the definition of "endangered"?When a species is at risk of becoming extinct.
- 6What does "extinct" mean?When a species completely dies out.
- 7Why could it be bad news for an organism if it's environment changes?Because the organism may struggle to compete and survive successfully.
- 8What is the definition of "variation"?The difference between living things.
- 9Name the two scientists who fist built a model of DNA.Crick + Watson.
- 10What are chromosomes made of?Long lengths of DNA.
- 11What is a "gene" and what do they control?A short length of DNA.
Different genes control different characteristics (features). - 12What is the definition of "heredity"?A gene passed on from the parent.
- 13What is "Pollination"?When pollen grains get from a stamen to a stigma.
- 14What does the ovary develop into?It develops ino a fruit around the seed.
- 15What is "fertilisation"?The joining of sex cells.
- 16Where does almost all the Earths energy come from?The Sun
- 17What is made during photosynthesis?Photosythesis produces food in the form of glucose from sunlight.
- 18What is a food chain? What is a food web?Food chaines show what is eaten by what.
Food webs are lots of food chains joined together. - 19Write the word equation for photosynthesis.Carbon Dioxide + Water ---> Glucose + Oxygen.
- 20Name the male and female parts of a flower.Male (stamens): anther, filament.
Female (carpels): stigma, style, ovary. - 21What is an "ecosystem"?All the living organisms in one area, plus their environment.
- 22What is "seed dispersal"?When seeds are scattered from the parent plant before they can grow.
- 23What 4 things are NEEDED for photosynthesis to happen?Sunlight, chlorophyll, water, carbon dioxide.
- 24What is a "pollen tube" needed for?It's needed for the nucleus from a male sex cell to move down to join the nucleus of a female sex cell.
- 25What is a "recreational drug"?Drugs used for "fun". They ca be legal (e.g. alcohol) or illegal (e.g. ecstasy).
- 26Names 7 main parts of the digestive system.Mouth
Gullet
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Small-intestine
Large-intestine - 27What are the male sex cells called? Where are they made?The male sex cells are called sperm. They are made in the testes after puberty.
- 28What are the villi? What is their job?Tiny finger-like projections.
Their job is to absorb food. They can do this because they have a thin outer layer of cells, a good blood supply and a large surface area. - 29Name all five nutrients in a balanced diet and say why they're important.Carbohydrates - activity and growth.
Proteins - grow and repair damage.
Lipids (fats) - replace carbohydrates.
Vitamins - important processes.
Minerals - strong bones and teeth, healthy blood. - 30What are the female sex cells called? Where are they made?The female sex cell are called eggs. Eggs are made in the ovaries.
- 31What is happening when a woman has a period?The body prepares the uterus in case it recieves a fertilised egg.
- 32What are the 4 jobs of the human skeleton?Protection
Support
Making blood cells
Movement - 33What makes bones move?Muscles. :)
- 34What is a "Bronchus"?The main branch from the trachea. We have 1 bronchus going to each lung.
- 35What happens to the diaphragm when you breathe in?It moves down and contracts (tightens).
- 36How can lung volume be measured?Lung volume can be measured using a machine called a spiromater.
- 37What are "alveoli"?Small air sacs in the lungs.
This is where gas exchange takes place. - 38Name 4 parts of the cell that both plant and animal cells have. Sat what they all do.Nucleus - controls what the cell does.
Cytoplasm - fills cell where most chemical reactions happen.
Cell membrane - holds cell together controlling what goes in and out.
Mitochondria - Where aerobic respiration takes place. - 39Explain the meaning of an "organ system".Something made up from a group of organs which is later used to create an organism (e.g. plant).
- 40Explain the meaning of an "organ".Something made up of different tissues which is later used to make an organ system with other organs.
- 41Explain the meaning of a "tissue".Something made up of a group of similiar cells which is later used to make an organ with other organs.
- 42Name 3 parts of a cell that only plant cells have. Explain them.Cell wall - stiff outer layer supports cell.
Vacuole - filled with cell sap containing sugar and salts.
Chloroplasts - where photosynthesis happens. - 43What piece of equipment would you use to look ata cell?A microscope.
- 44What is an aerobic respiration and where does it take place in plant and animal cells?Aerobic respiration is respiration using oxygen.
It happens in the mitrochondria. Glucose and oxygen reatc to produce carbon dioxide and water.
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water - 45What is the name of the chemical reaction that goes on in every cell and releases energy?Respiration.
(It changes glucose into new substances which release energy.) - 46What is "diffusion"?Diffusion is where substances move from where there's lots of particles to where there's less particles.
- 47What is "fermentation" and what can it be used to make?When anaerobic respiration produces ethanol.
Fermentation is the process used to make beer. - 48What is an "organism"?An organism is a living thing made out of cells.
- 49What part of a microscope do you clip your slide into?The stage.