Flashcards
Settlement Change Key Terms
Cards in this deck (29)
- 1SettlementA place where people live. E.g. hamlet, village, town or city.
- 2SiteThe land on which a settlement is built.
- 3SituationA settlements location relative to its surroundings.
- 4ShapeThe arrangement of buildings within a settlement.
- 5Dispersed SettlementsWhen buildings are spread out. There is usually no obvious centre.
- 6Nucleated SettlementsWhen buildings are grouped closely together. They often form at crossroads or route centre.
- 7Linear SettlementsWhen buildings are either side of a road, in a line.
- 8Bridging PointSettlements often grew where rivers could be easily crossed. Many large cities were originally sited at the lowest bridging point (the nearest point to the sea that could be bridged). Examples include London and Exeter.
- 9Junction of valleys and gaps through hillsSome settlements grew up on the junction of valleys due to it being easier to build on and more accessible than the surrounding hills. There would also have been a river, providing a source of water.
- 10Wet Point SiteSettlements often located close to rivers, lakes or springs (providing a water source and a transportation route).
- 11Aspect and ShelterIn the northern hemisphere, south facing slopes receive more sun than the north facing slopes and are therefore warmer.
- 12ResourcesEarly Settlers relied on timber for both fuel and building materials. A site close to woodland was therefore an advantage. Stone was also used for building, so proximity to a quarry was also useful. During the Industrial Revolution, coal was in great demand as a power source for factories. Many mining towns sprang up on the coalfields of northern England.
- 13Dry Point SiteSettlements often grew above the floodplain to avoid building on unstable land and flooding. The city of Ely in Cambridgeshire was originally built on a slightly higher area of land surrounded by marshland.
- 14Higher GroundCenturies ago, selecting a site for defence purposes was very important. A castle was often built on high ground overlooking the surrounding countryside. This is the case in Edinburgh.
- 15Flat LandIts easier to built on and is more accessible.
- 16Counter-urbanisationThe movement out of cities to rural areas or smaller urban settlements.
- 17DepopulationThe reduction in the amount of people in an area.
- 18DeindustrialisationThe decline of traditional manufacturing industry.
- 19Urban SprwalThe spread or expansion of an urban area into the surrounding countryside.
- 20Greenfield SitesSites which has not previously been built on. This includes the greenbelt land around cities.
- 21Brownfield SitesDisused or derelict land which can be used for building developments. These sites are often found within a city. They may contain old factories or housing, or they may have been cleared for redevelopment.
- 22RedevelopmentWhen buildings within a settlement which are no longer in use, are demolished and replaced with buildings that are in current demand.
- 23RenewalWhen old buildings are renovated and brought up to date, combining the best of the old with the new.
- 24Brownfield PotentialThe number of brownfield sites which are available for redevelopment within a city.
- 25GreenbeltAn area around the city which is made up of farmland and recreational land. These are strict controls on the development of this land. Its purpose is to control the growth of the cities.
- 26MigrationThe movement from one area or country to another.
- 27Natural IncreaseThe rise in population caused by births exceeding deaths
- 28Shanty TownsAlso referred to as squatter settlements. They are slum settlements (sometimes illegal or unauthorized) of plywood, corrugated metal, sheets of plastic and cardboard boxes.
- 29SuburbanisationThe growth of urban areas which may engulf surrounding villages and towns into a larger urban area.
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- Flashcards on Settlement Change Key Terms, created by amberflowerdew1 on 28/02/2015.
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