Flashcards
MED LE2
Cards in this deck (91)
- 1HIVsingle stranded, (+) RNA enveloped retrovirus
- 2HIV: envelope proteingp120
- 3HIV: co-receptorsCXCR4: T-cells
CCR5 - T cells, mac, mono, DC - 4HIV: most common mode of transmissionSexual intercourse
Female: unprotected vaginal intercourse
Rectal: highest risk of transmission - 5HIV: acute infection; strainR5 strain binds to CCR5
- 6HIV: chronic mutationsX4 strain = CXCR5
- 7CD4 >500can still fight of infections
- 8CD4: 200-500lymphadenopathy, hairy leukoplakia, EBV, oral candidiasis
- 9CD4 <200AIDS defining conditions
- 10HIV prevention: most effective way to avoidAbstinence
- 11HIV prevention: decreases amount of HIV in secretionsART (95%)
- 12HIV PEPwithin 72 hours
- 13HIV ELISA window period3 weeks
- 14HIV ELISE false positiveTB, influenza, CTD, fever
- 15HIV Western Blotspecific for gp120, p24
- 16Acute HIV syndrome3-6 weeks after primary
acute infectious mononucleosis-like - 17WHO Clinical Staging for HIV/AIDSsurveillance purposes
based on clinical findings
does not require CD4
eligibility for ART - 18WHO HIV/AIDS Stage 1asymptomatic
persistent general lymphadenopathy
(at least 2 sites, >6 mos) - 19WHO HIV/AIDS Stage 2<10%BW
recurrent respi infection
dermatologic - 20WHO HIV/AIDS Stage 3>10%BW
> 1mos unexplained diarrhea
PTB
severe systemic bacterial infection
mucocutaneous conditions - 21WHO HIV/AIDS Stage 4AIDS-defining: HIV wasting, Pneumocystiis, pneumonia, EPTB, HIV enceph, Toxoplasmosis, orolabial HSV, Candidiasis (esophagus), Kaposi's sarcoma
- 22CDC Class. for HIVclinical conditions, CD4 count
- 23CDC Class. for HIV: Stage 0negative HIV test w/in 6 mos of first diagnosis and remains until 6 mos after
- 24CDC Class. for HIV: Stage 1CD4 >500
>26% - 25CDC Class. for HIV: Stage 2CD4: 200-499
14-25% - 26CDC Class. for HIV: Stage 3CD4: <200
<14% - 27HIV: site of earliest burst of viral replicationGALT
- 28WHO ART guidelinesall individuals w/ Stage 3/4
CD4 <350
All regardless of stage - 29WHO ART guidelines priority groupsactive TB
HepB, CLD
pregnant, breastfeeding
serodiscordant couples - 30HIV: most common opportunistic infectionPCP
in CD4: <200 - 31Pneumocystis pneumoniaindolent: fever, cough
white sputum
retrosternal sharp/burning chest pain
worse on inspiration
hypoxemia, inc LDH
patchy ground-glass opacities - 32Pneumocystis pneumonia: TxTMP-SMX
Clindamycin + primaquine
TMP + dapsone
Prednisolone if <70mmHg PO2 - 33HIV: CMV infectionpneumonitis, esophagitis, enterocolitis, hepatitis, RETINITIS (perivascular infiltrate, necrosis, hemorrhage)
intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
halo-like - 34HIV: CMV TxGanciclovir
- 35HIV: Toxoplasmosisdomestic cats
ring-enhancing lesion
Co-trimoxazole (TMP-SMX) - 36HIV: MACCD4: <50
Submental lymphadenopathy
Ethambultol, Macrolides (mycins) - 37HIV: Cryptococcosiscellular edema, inh leukocyte migration, inh phag, T suppressor response, block co-stimulatory molecules, induces Ab unresponsiveness to GXM
- 38HIV: Cryptococcosis TxInduction:
2wks: Amphotericin B + flucytosine
10wks: Fluconazole
Maintenance: Fluconazole for life - 39HIV: CryptosporidiumIS: oocyst w/ sporozoites
DS: sporulated oocyst
site: SI, respi tract
Tx: Nitazoxanide - 40IRISParadoxical/unmasking
2wks-2yrs after cART
Type IV HSN - 41Impetigo: non-drug TxNon-drug: wound care, hygiene
- 42Non-bullous: TxTOPICAL: Muciprocin, Fusidic acid
nares for 5-7 days
*BZT PCN - 43Bullous impetigo: Txfor 7-10 days:
B-Lactamases: Diclox, Macrolides (Eryhto, Clina, Azithro), Cefalexin, 1G Cephalo
Resistant: Co-Amox, Cefalexin, Cefaclor, Clinda - 44Lupoid sarcosis Txhygiene, antibac soap tid
I&D
Muciprocin, Cleocin, 1st G Cephalo, Clinda, Burow soln - 45Furuncle/Carbuncle: Txmoist heat/compress, bed rest, I&D
Muciprocin/Fusidic: eradicate nasal
Dicloxacillin, Amoxiclav
Clinda, Erythro
note: max dose in dangerous areas - 46Erysipelas: TxPen V
Erythromycin
Azithromycin - 47Cellulitis: TxPCN
Erythromycin
IV meds for 3-4 d then shift to oral - 48Micrococcus Pitted Keratolysis Txkeep feet dry
antiseptic foot powders
BPO wash, 5% gel
Topical Clinda/Erythro
Miconazol, Clotrimazole, Whitfield - 49Erythasma: TxAzoles
Clindamycin, BPO
Erythromycin - 50Tinea capitis: TxOral Griseofulvin
Itraconazole
Terbinafine - 51Tinea corporis: TxTopical or Oral antifungal
for 3-4wks/1wk - 52Tinea cruris: Txtopical anti-fungal
area kept dry
cotton underwear
non-occlusive garments
reduction of perspiration - 53Tinea manum: TxTopical antifungal
keep area dry - 54Tinea unquium: TxOral: 3-6mos
Topical: 6mos - 55Dermatophytosis: Txunderlying disorder, keep area dry, avoid sharing of belongings
Drugs: 3-4wks
Polyene antibiotics, Azoles, Trizoles, Griseofulvin, Topica anti-fungal
Corticosteroids* - 56Tinea versicolor: TxTopical imidazoles, allylamines, etc.
Systemic:
Terbinafine*, Azoles/Imidazoles, Itraconazole, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole*, Setroconazole - 57Verruca vulgarisHPV 2, 4, 27
hands, feet, body - 58Deep plantar wartsHPV 1
soles, plantar - 59Plane wartsHPV 3, 10, 28, 29
face, arms, legs - 60Anogenital condylomataHPV 6, 11
- 61Bowen's diseaseHPV 16, 18, 31, 42
- 62Cervical intraepithelial neoplasiaHPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35
- 63Invasive cervical cancerHPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35
- 64HPV: low risk for malignancyHPV 6, 11
- 65HPV: intermediate risk for malignancy31, 33, 35
- 66HPV: high risk for malignancyHPV 16, 18
- 67HPV TxElectrodessication
Cryotherapy w/ N: 2mm zone
CO2 laser - 68HPV TxAcids: Salicylic, TCA (pregnant)
Podophyllotoxin: genital, CI: preg
Imiquimoid: genital
5% topic 5-FU: immune rxn
Intralesional Bleomycin, INF
Vaccination - 69Molluscum contagiosum: TxCurettage
Electrodessication
Cryosurgery
Imiquimod
KOH
Cidofovir - 70HSV TxAcyclovir: most frequently used
poor absorption, cream not effective - 71HSV TxValayclovir
2nd Gen, better BA
7-10days, better compliance - 72HSV: TxFamciclovir
7-20days, shorten duration, reduce S/S, shorten infectivity - 73Scabies TxPermethrin: gold standard
Crotamiton
Precipitated Sulfur (babies, preg) - 74Febrile Neutropenia: High Riskhospitalization w/ IV empirical:
Monotherapy + Antipseudo
Cefepime, Carbapenem, Pip-Taz
Aminogly, Fluoroquinolones, Vanco - 75Febrile Neutropenia: Low RiskInitial oral or IV empirical in clinic
Ciprofloxacin + Co-Amox - 76CMV in HSCTProphy: Acylcovir, Valacyclovir
Preemptive: Galacyclovir
GI absoprtion normal: Valganacyclovir - 77Febrile Neutropenia: High RiskVanco: cellulitis
Linezolid: pneumonia
Aminoglycoside, Carbapenem: G(-)
Metronidzole: C. difficile
Fluconazole: Anti-fungal - 78C. difficileMild/Moderate: Metro or Vanco
Severe: Vanco
Severe & Complicated: Vanco + Metro
Recurrent: Metro/Vanco - 79Uncomplicated Malaria TxArtemether-Lumefantrine for 3 days
Primaquine on 4th (14d)
Quinine + Doxy/Clinda + PQ
Quinine H2CL + CoArtem - 80Severe Malaria TxQuinine H2Cl IV + CoArtem
- 81Prophy for MalariaAtovaquone-proguanil
Mefloquine
Doxy
Primaquine - 82Leptospirosis TxMild: Doxycycline, Ampi, Amox
Moderate/Severe: Pen G, Ampi, Amox, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Erythro - 83Tetanus TreatmentTIg
Diazepam, Vecuronium, Atracurium
PCN, Metro
Vaccine: 0, 2-4, 6-12; 10yrs - 84Syphilis Tx1˚/2˚: Bezathine PCN
Early latent: BZT PCN G (2.4M)
Late latent: BZT PCN G (7.2M) - 85HSV1st: Acyclovir, Vala, Fam
Established: same
Severe: Acycolovir IV - 86Chancroid TxAzithro, Ceftriazone, Cipro, Erythro
- 87Lymphogranuloma vereneumDoxycycline
Erythromycin
Azithromycin - 88Granuloma InguinaleAzithromycin
Doxycylcine
Ciprofloxacin
Cotrimoxazole - 89Uncomplicated gonococcal urethritisCeftriaxone + Azithromycin
Cefixime + Azithromycin - 90CervicitisAzithromycin
Doxycycline - 91PIDOPD: Ceftriaxone + Doxy + Metro
Regimen A: Cefotetan/Cefoxitin + Doxy
Regimen B: Clinda + Gentamicin
Information
- Description
- MD Medicine I Flashcards on MED LE2, created by Jessica Margaux Mercado on 25/10/2016.
- Created by
- Jessica Margaux Mercado
- Views
- 14
- Tags
- Rating