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Nervous system (function)	Monitors the body's internal and external environments. Integrates sensory information. coordinates voluntary and involuntary responses of other organ systems.
Nervous system	Monitors the body's internal and external environment. Integrates sensory information. Coordinates voluntary and involuntary responses of many other organ systems.
CNS (central nervous system)	Brain and Spinal cord- integrates and coordinates the processing of sensory data and the transmission of motor commands. (intelligence, memory, emotion)
PNS (Peripheral nervous system)	All the neural tissue outside the CNS (check the overview of CNS and PNS relationship)
Efferent division/ Afferent division	A-sensory information is carried to the PNS. E-CNS sends motor commands to the PNS to muscles and glands.
Somatic Nervous system (an efferent division of the PNS)	Provides control over skeletal muscle
Autonomic nervous system (visceral motor system)	provides automatic involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular secretions
ANS (sympathetic division and parasympathetic)	ANS- provides automatic involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular secretions
Sympathetic division	accelerate the heart
parasympathetic division	slows the heart
Neuron	the basic unit of the nervous system involves communications of neurons with other cells
neuroglia	regulate the environment around neurons, provide a supporting framework for neural tissues, and act as phagocytes. (also called glial cells and outnumber neurons)
Representative neuron	has- a cell body, several dendrites, axon terminals,
Image: Neuronstr 274x300 (image/jpeg)	neuron
Multipolar neuron	has two or more dendrites and a single axon (most common) control skeletal muscles
unipolar neuron	dendrites and axons are continuous, cell body lies off to one side. Action potential begins at the base of the dendrites and the rest of the process is an axon; Sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system
Bipolar neuron	have two processes- one dendrite and one axon with a cell body between them; occur in special sense organs, relay information like sight, smell, hearing receptors.
Sensory neuron (afferent)	10 million, received information from sensory receptors that were monitoring the external and internal environments and then relayed information to other neurons.
External receptors (somatic sensory receptors)	provide information about the external environment by touch, temperature, and pressure sensations, more complex taste sight equilibrium, and hearing.
Proprioceptors (somatic sensory receptors)	monitor the position and movement of skeletal muscles and joints
Visceral/ internal receptors	monitor the activities of the digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary, and reproductive systems; distention deep pressure and pain.
Motor neurons (efferent)	carry instructions from the CNS to other organs, organ system
Somatic/visceral motor neurons	S- nervate skeletal muscles V-innervate all other effectors
Interneurons (association)	brain and spinal cord, distribute sensory information, and coordination of motor activity.
Astrocytes (neuroglia) CNS	secretes chemicals that maintain the blood-brain barrier
Oligodendrocytes (neuroglia) CNS	myelin; serves as electrical insulation and increases speed at which an action potential travels along the axon
microglia (neuroglia) CNS	derived from white blood cells that migrate into the CNS, engulf cellular waste and pathogens.
Ependymal (neuroglia) CNS	line the central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain.
graded potential	changes in the membrane potential that cannot spread far from the site of stimulation.
action potential	propagated change in the membrane potential of the entire plasma membrane

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The Nervous system

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	Created by Frida Macedo [STUDENT] about 3 years ago