Flashcards
Economic, social & political ideas - unit 7.4 U_U
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1What is a republic?A republic is a form of government in which the head of state is a citizen of the nation rather than a monarch.
- 2When did the idea of republicanism become popular?It was during the Enlightenment that the idea of republicanism became popular in Europe and North America.
- 3Which was the first republic to be established in the modern era?The first republic to be established in the modern era was the American Republic.
- 4What did the Declaration of Independence announce?The Declaration of Independence announced America's separation from Britain and introduced a system of 'rule by the people.'
- 5What is liberalism?Liberalism was a movement that sought to protect and improve the rights of individuals.
- 6What did liberals believe?Liberals believed that governments existed to protect people's basic civil liberties, rather than restrict them.
- 7What did liberals want?Liberals wanted a small role for government and believed that it should not stand in the way of individuals who wanted to improve their lives.
- 8What is capitalism?Capitalism is an economic system based on competition between sellers.
- 9Who are capitalists?Capitalists are individuals who invest their money into new business ventures in order to make a profit.
- 10What did the Scientific Age do?The Scientific Age had given a rise to new inventions, such as the steam engine, but it was the growing class of capitalists in Britain who used tools to establish the factory system.
- 11what is socialism?Socialism is about redistributing wealth from the rich to the poor.
- 12What happened during the Industrial Revolution?During the Industrial Revolution, capitalists grew extremely wealthy from the factory system, the growing urban working class had barely enough to survive.
- 13What did socialists believe?Socialists believed that the profits created by workers ought to be given to the workers.
- 14What happened by the middle of the 19th century?Two strands of socialism had emerged in Britain-revolutionary socialism, or communism, and democratic socialism, otherwise known as Fabianism.
- 15What did the Chartism movement call for?-The right for all men to vote
-The secret ballot
-Pay for parliamentarians
-Electorates that were equal in size
-Annual elections - 16What did reforms earn Australia?Reforms earned Australia a reputation throughout the world as a 'laboratory for democracy.'
- 17What is egalitarianism?Egalitarianism is the belief in a 'fair go' for all.
- 18What is nationalism?Nationalism is the belief that people of a similar race, culture or ideals ought to belong to the same nation-state.
- 19What was nationalism in the 19th century?Nationalism was one of the most influential ideas of the 19th century.
- 20What did nationalism result in?Nationalism resulted in the establishment of new nations- such as Australia in 1901 - growing empires, national rivalries and movements of resistance against foreign rule.