Flashcards
Synthesis routes of aromatic compounds
Cards in this deck (8)
- 1Nitration of Benzene- Electrophillic substitution
- Warm benzene with c. HNO3 and c. H2SO4.
- <55 °c - 2Sulfonation of Benzene- Boil benzene under reflux with c. H2SO4 for several hours or...
- Warm benzene to 40 °c with fuming sulfuric acid for 30 mins. - 3Alkylation of Benzene- Reflux benzene and a chloroalkane with a halogen carrier such as AlCl3.
- 4Chlorination of Benzene- Warm with Cl2 and an AlCl3 catalyst
(the halogen carrier - AlCl3 polarises halogen molecules such as Br2 and Cl2, so the positive end of the halogen molecule then acts as an electrophile, undergoing electrophillic addition with the benzene ring.) - 5Acylation of Benzene- Reflux benzene with and acyl chloride (RCOCl) and AlCl3 catalyst.
- The acyl chloride and AlCl3 form an acylium ion which then acts as an electrophile and goes on to react with benzene. - 6Making an Azo Dye- Amino benzene + HNO2/HCl (<5 °c)
Forms benzenediazonium chloride use in the:
Coupling reaction
- React with phenol + NaOH (<5°c)
Forms the Azo Dye. - 7Phenol --> Sodium phenoxide- Phenol + NaOH (20°c)
- Forms sodium phenoxide + water - 8Phenol --> Phenyl Ethanoate- Phenol + CH3COCl (20°c)
- Forms Phenyl Ethanoate + HCl
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- A-Level Chemistry Flashcards on Synthesis routes of aromatic compounds, created by Emily Hargreaves on 14/06/2017.
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- Emily Hargreaves
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