Elizabeth Test

Elizabeth Test

1. Two features of education in Elizabethan England (4)

   • You had to be rich to attend school as education was expensive so it was popular with gentry and nobles
   • Education wasn't as important as poorer people would be trained to be labourers whereas the upper class would be prepared for a life in court and to be gentle men
   • Teachers would be locals so if you got a decent education depended on your area so richer people = richer areas = better education

2. How did the treatment of the poor change during Elizabeth's reign? (12)

   • Punished beggars (vagabonds) by burning through the ear - deterred other
     • The vagabond act of 1572 meant from 14 they could be punished
     • If you were punished on 3 occasions you would be executed
   • They categorised the poor
     • Idle beggars
       • Vagabonds
       • Pretended to be sick and stole
     • Deserving poor/deserving unemployed
       • wanted to work but couldn't
         • Population increase - less jobs
         • Government gave them materials so they could make and sell things
       • Old/sick/young
         • Poor relief
   • Children of vagabonds would be put into domestic service
     • Kept children clothed and fed
     • Roof over their head
     • Learn trade from domestic chores
   • Act for the relief of the poor
     • Try to find people to work, if refused they go to the house of correction (prison) where they work 16-18 hours per day

3. Why did people go on voyages? (12)

   • Expansion of trade
     • The wool trade in Europe collapsed so we needed to trade further away
       • Gave us new things/wanted to increase products available/gives more money
         • Creates financial opportunities
           • Makes money from new products
           • Stealing from Spain
             • This creates a conflict with Spain
               • Catholicism
                 • We tried to spread Protestantism - needed to go further away to convert new countries - most of Europe = Catholic
                   • It was a christian duty to civilise people
                   • Felt that rest of the world was more developed than us
                     • This links to development of technology
                       • Better ships: Triangular sails, Astrolobe, longitude and longitude on maps
                       • lead to more voyages as they could go further and faster, this increased navigational knowledge
                       • Printing press
                         • Increased knowledge
                         • Made people want to explore
                           • encouraged people to sail
                         • New discoveries
                           • More experienced sailors
                         • Encourages people to read books
               • Trading with the new world illegally
                 • Francis Drake and Walter Raleigh were pirates

4. "The Spanish Armada failed because of England's strengths" Do you agree? (16)

   • Walter Raleigh
     • Discovered the ark royal, the main ship of the English fleet
     • Helped with discovering new technology for ships
       • Better weapons - rapid fire canons
   • Francis Drake
     • 'Singing of the kings beard' - sailed to the Spanish fleet and attacked them there - delayed the armada
   • John/Lord Hawkins
     • came up with the idea of sacrificing ships and sending them towards Spain
     • designed and fitted ships
   • England's strengths
     • Kept distance when attacking although Spain planned to jump abroad
     • Well thought out plan -
   • Spain's weaknesses
     • Bad communication - No communication between the Duke of Parma and the Duke of Medina Spanish fleet fail to meet parma and scatter
     • Battle of grave lines - England used fireships - lead Spain to panic
     • Bad weather caused Spanish ships to be destroyed on their way home through Ireland
     • Spanish ships lacked supplies e.g. food, - damaged Spain's morale and their ability to fight