Cloning Mind Map

Cloning Mind Map

1. Types of Cloning

   • Organism Cloning: exact genetic copies of living things
     • Artificial Embryo Twinning: seperation of very early embryo cells into individual, identical cells
     • Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: removal of an egg cell's single set of chromosomes
       • Dolly the Lamb was an exact genetic replica of an adult female sheep
   • Gene Cloning: isolation of a gene in order to create an exact copy
   • Stem Cell Cloning: manipulation of stem cells for the repairing of damaged or diseased organs and tissues

2. Cloning Myths

   • Instant Clones: - is believed that clones magically appear the same age as the original - incorrect - clones are genetically identical but will need to grow and develop as the original did
   • Carbon Copies: - is believed that clones are exactly the same (will look and behave in the same manner) - not true - genetically identical twins look relatively similar but develop disticnt differences through the years - clones grow and develop differently from the original - mitochondria is different in clones
   • Artificial Process: - is believed that al cloning happens in a lab through artificial embryo twinning and nuclear transfers
     • identical twins from mammals are naturally occuring clones
     • female aphids grow into identical copies of their mothers
     • starfish cut in half will regenerate into identical copies