Premature delivery

Premature delivery

1. Anatomy (pics)

2. Physiology

   • Spermatogenesis
     • Oocytogenesis
       • Germinal cell
         • Primary oocyte
           • Secondary oocyte
             • Ova
     • Germinal cells
       • Primary spermatocyte
         • Secondary spermatocyte
           • Spermatids
             • Fertilized egg
               • First block
                 • Second block
                   • Influx of Ca which makes the zona pellucida harder
                 • Influx of Na which repels the positively charged sperms
               • Morula (16 blastomeres)
                 • Moves to the uterus
                   • Epithelial secretions
                     • Ciliated epithelium
                       • Contractions of the fallopian tubes
                   • Implantation
                     • Trophoblast secrete enzymes to digest the endometrium
                     • Growth of the baby

3. Lactation

   • Breast
     • Mammaryglands
       • Lobes
         • Several secretory lobules
       • Ducts to to the surface by
         • Nipples
     • Pregnant
       • Estrogen --> branch and dilate ductul branches
         • Progesterone --> develop alveolar glands
           • Placental lactogen --> develop breast
             • Placental hormones --> inhibits prolactin
     • After delivery
       • Prolactin --> Production of milk
         • Oxytocin --> Excrete milk

4. APGAR

   • A score done at one and five minutes of delivery to assess the baby's general health

5. Challanges

   • Staying warm
   • Infections
   • Brain development
   • Eyes development
   • Feeding
   • Breathing

6. Stages of labor

   • Stage 1: Cervical dilation
     • Stage 2: Delivery of the fetus
       • Stage 3: Delivery of the placenta

7. Psychological disorders following premature delivery

   • Post-partum blues
     • Post-partum depression
       • Post-partum psychosis

8. Causes

   • Smoking
     • Being very overweight or underweight before pregnancy
       • Not getting good prenatal care Drinking alcohol or using street drugs during pregnancy
         • Having health conditions, such as high blood pressure, preeclampsia, diabetes, blood clotting disorders, or infections
           • Being pregnant with a baby that has certain birth defects
             • Being pregnant with a baby from in vitro fertilization
               • Being pregnant with twins or other multiples
                 • A family or personal history of premature labor
                   • Getting pregnant too soon after having a baby

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