Introduction to programming – learn to program in java with data structures, algorithms, and logic.

Introduction to programming – learn to program in java with data structures, algorithms, and logic.

1. What are the Java language elements?

   • The elements are building blocks used to compose language structures that allow the programmer to express intent
     • Whitespace : This can be one of these ASCII characters--SP (space), HT (horizontal tab), or FF (form feed, also called page break)
     • Comment : A free-formed text that is not processed by the compiler but transferred into the bytecode as-is, so programmers use a comment to add a human-readable explanation to the code as they write it.
     • Token : This can be one of the following:
       • Keyword : Will be described in the Reserved and restricted keywords section.
       • Identifier : Will be described in the Identifiers and variables section.
       • Operator : Will be described in Chapter 9 , Operators, Expressions, and Statements. .

2. Programming is not just about knowing the language syntax. It is also about the tools and sources of information necessary to write, compile, and execute a program or run a whole software system

3. what is java?

   • Basic terms When talking about Java, people use Java, JVM, JDK, SDK, and Java platform as synonyms. The legal definition treats Java as Sun's trademark for a set of technologies , but we typically do not think about Java as a trademark.
   • Most often, when somebody says Java, they mean a programming language that is used by humans to express sets of instructions (programs) that can be executed by a computer (not directly, but after the program is compiled/transformed into code that a computer understands).

4. The basic terms of Java programming

   • The notion of Java programming basics has many interpretations. Some tutorials assume the basics to be the same for any object-oriented language. Others discuss syntax and basic language elements and grammar rules. Yet others reduce the basics to the value types, operators, statements, and expressions that allow computations.
   • Byte code In the broadest terms, a Java program (or any computer program for that matter) means a sequential set of instructions for a computer, that tell it what to do.
   • Java program dependencies We also mentioned that a program may require the use of other programs and procedures that are already compiled into bytecodes. For JVM to find them, you must list the corresponding .class files in the java command using the -classpath option. Several programs and procedures make up a Java application.
   • Statements A statement is a language construct that can be compiled into a set of instructions to a computer. The closest analogy from everyday life to a Java statement is a sentence in the English language, a basic unit of language that expresses a complete thought. Every statement in Java must end with a ;
   • Classes All methods in Java are declared inside of structures called classes . A class has a name and a body in brackets {} ,

5. Reserved keywords

6. What is an API? The term Application Programming Interface ( API ) is a specification of protocols, procedures, and services that can be used as building blocks by a programmer to implement a required functionality. An API may represent a web-based system, operating system, database system, computer hardware, or software library.

7. Command line APIs A command line API describes the command format and its possible options that can be used to execute the application (tool).

8. What is the purpose of design? Any project requires planning and a vision of what is going to be built. It is especially important when several members of the same team have to coordinate their activity. But even if you work alone, you have to make some kind of plan, whether it is a design document or just the code you are writing without capturing your ideas in any other form.

9. Java APIs Java APIs include two big groups of APIs and libraries that implement them:

   • Java core packages ( html ) that come with the Java installation and are included in the JDK
   • Other frameworks and libraries that can be downloaded separately, such as Apache Commons APIs ( ), for example, or the three libraries we have already included as dependencies in the Maven pom.xml file of our demo project.

10. What are the core elements of Java programming? In Chapter 2 , Java Language Basics , we had an overview of many aspects of Java as a language, and even defined what statements are. Now, we will look closer into the core elements of Java more systematically.

    • Operators

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