Rede de Computadores

Rede de Computadores

1. Arquitetura de Rede

   • Camadas
   • Interfaces
   • Protocolos
   • Modelo OSI
     • Aplicação
       • HTTP - Porta 80
       • FTP - Porta 20,21
       • Correio Eletronico - SMTP Envio
         • Send Protocol - Port 25 or 26 to unsafe transmitions and 465 to safe transmitions.
       • Correio Eletronico - Pop3 e IMAP - Recebimento
         • Pop3 - Just receive the e-mails, ports 110 (common) 995 (SSL). IMAP - This offers the aditional resource, it can shows all contents of your server, ports 143 (common) 993 (SSL).
     • Apresentação
     • Sessão
     • Transporte
     • Rede
     • Enlace
       • Unicast
         • It is the direct send between the transmitter and receiver. Ex. Call, Message in a computer. One Sender and one receiver.
       • Multcast
         • Send the content to a sub group into the network. Ex. TV (local time), message to a department.
       • Broadcast
         • Sends the content to everyone in the network. Ex. Radio station, message to a whole company.
     • Física
   • Internet
     • TCP/IP
       • Aplicação
       • Transporte
       • Internet
       • Interface de Rede

2. Classificação das Redes

   • Lan (Local Area Network)
     • LImited to rooms and buildings
   • Man (Metropolitan Area Network)
     • This network can be included a city, the big areas.
   • Wan (Wide Area Network)
     • This networks can be included the whole world.

3. Modos de Transmissão

   • Sinal Analogico
   • Sinal Digital
     • Works to Binaries ways
   • Comunicação Serial e Paralela
     • Paralela
       • There's many channels of communication, normally 8 channels are used. If we send two characteres in this method of communication, it would be necessary just two pulses.
     • Serial
       • Just one comunication's channel. to send two characters in this method, it would be necessary 16 pulses.
   • Comunicação Sincrona
   • Comunicação Assincrona
   • Simplex
     • Just one can transmits and one receives. Like the Television transmission.
   • Half-Duplex
     • The both can be Transmitter and Receptor, but just a each time. Like in a talk-about.
   • Full-Duplex
     • The both can be transmit and receive at the same time, like in the telephone call.

4. Meios de comunicação

   • Onda de Radio
   • Luz
     • Fibra Otica
   • Cabos
     • Coaxial
     • Par trançado

5. Dispositivos

   • Switches
     • May be considered a Hub, however it can't do the Broadcast. 
   • Roteador
     • it can be chose the best paths to communications
   • Cabos
     • 10Base5 - 500m - Coaxial Grosso - Ethernet 10mbps
     • 10Base2 - 185m - Coaxial Fino - Ethernet 10mbps
     • 10BaseT - 100m - Par Trançado - Ethernet 10mbps
     • 10BaseF - 2000m - Fibra óptica - Ethernet 10mbps
     • 100BaseT - 100m - Par Trançado - Fast Ethernet 100mbps
     • 100BaseFX - 412m a 20Km - Fibra óptica - Fast Ethernet 100mbps
     • 1000BaseT - 100m - Par Trançado - Gigabit Ethernet 1 Gbps
     • 1000BaseSX - 200m - Fibra Optica - Gigabit Ethernet 1 Gbps
     • 1000BaseLX - 500m a 5km - Fibra Optica - Gigabit Ethernet 1 Gbps

6. Classificação Lógica

   • P2P
     • This model is very simple, we don't have the server and have only two computers communicating between.
   • Cliente/Servidor
     • In one side we have the Server and the other we have the clients