Paradigms

Paradigms

1. Positivist

   • The science is an only way to learn about the truth
     • It is based on experience
       • The objective obtained is considered authentic and factual
         • The researcher is external and the research controller

2. Post positivist

   • Accepts that theories, background, knowledge and values of the researcher can influence what is observed.
     • It emphasizes deductive logic
       • Allows more interaction between researcher and research participants
         • It is focused on social patterns and relationships

3. Interpretive

   • The predominant is practice
     • It focuses on the differences
       • Interpretative knowledge by prolongue interaction
         • Uses ethnographic methods of informal interviewing

4. Critical paradigm

   • Tend to rely on dialogic methods, methods combining observation and interviewing
     • Enables the researcher to practice deep democracy
       • Challenge the mechanisms for order maintenance
         • Focused on identifying, transforming socially injust structures, policies, beliefs and practices

5. The post modern paradigm

   • Brings the concept of representation to our attention
     • The emergence of science and technology are carriers of development and progress
       • Critical reflecting thinking
         • Alternative modes of reasoning

6. Multi-paradigmatic

   • Focused on the researcher real-life experience
     • Research design by combining methods and quality standards from other paradigms
     • Are complementary approaches that expand the prospects for analysis of pre-existing paradigm

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