matter and measurement

matter and measurement

1. the cientific method

   • 1º watching the phenomenon
   • 2º thinking about an hypothesis
     • 3º making experiments in the lab
       • 5º presenting the conclusions
   • 4º analysing the results

2. mass , volume and capacity

   • mass
     • mass is the amount of containsmatter that a body
       • the SI unit is the kilogram , a multiple of the ram . but we sometimes use multiples or submultiples of the unit . To obtain submultiples of a kilogram , we multiply by a factor of 10
   • volume
     • volume is the space that a body occupies
       • the SI unit is the cubic metre , to obtain its multiples and submultiples , we divide or multiply by a factor of 1000
   • capacity
     • capacity indicates the amount of space that a container has
       • the SI unit is the litre , witch is equivalent to 1dm3. the factor is 10

3. matter and its measurement

   • matter
     • the object of study for natural science is matter
       • is everyting that occupies space and has mass
   • physical quantities
     • some characteristics of matter are easy to describe because we can observe and measure them
       • a physical quantity is any property of matter that can be measured , like the mass or size of a body
         • properties of matter that are subjective or cannot be measuredare not physical quantities
   • measurement
     • to measure a physical quantity , we need to establish a standard of measurement that we can use to make comparisons with other examples. This standard is called a unit
   • the international system of units
     • in the past , were many different units of measurement.
       • the rest of the units are derived from these base units and are called derived units

4. length and surface area

   • length is a physical quantity that expresses a distance between two points
     • the SI unit of length is the metre (m) but we sometimes use multiples or submultiples of the unit
       • To obtain multiples, we have to multiply or divide by a factor of 10
   • length
   • surface area
     • the external part of a body is called the surface
       • to measure a surface , we need to work out this area
         • the SI unit is the square metre . To obtain multiples and submultiples , we have to multiply or divide by a factor of 100

5. properties of matter

   • extensive poperties
     • they depend on the amount of matter there is
   • intensive properties
     • they do not depend on the amount of matter
       • intensive properties help us to differenciate between different types of matter
   • density
     • is an intensive property
       • density is he quoetient of mass and volume . If the density is high , the body is heavy . If the density is low , the body is light . its formula is : d= m/v
         • the SI unit is the kg/m3 , but it can also be expressed in g/cm3
   • general properties
     • they do not depend on the substance
   • specific properties
     • they depend on the substance
     • two different substances can have the same general properties , but the can not have the same specific properties do not depend on the size of the body.

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