India - then and now

India - then and now

1. british rule in India "the Raj"

   • Pro
     • democracy
     • free press
     • modern education
       • small middle class
     • english language
       • economics
       • universally (16 official languages)
     • 100 years of peace
   • Con
     • no mass education
     • divided into elite, that learned english (10%) and rest
     • self confidence of Indians lowered
       • treated as slaves
     • no economic growth during that time
     • Partition of India 1974
       • money for weapons could have been saved
       • preventable?
     • death of millions of people
       • food shortages
       • diseases
   • "Jewel in the crown"
     • largest and most profitable colony

2. India today

   • Land of contrasts and paradoxes
     • 10% of worlds millionaires
       • one third of the worlds poor
     • world´s largest democracy
       • millions of people illiterate
     • largest county in southern Asia
       • densely populated
         • half of population under 25
     • one of the worlds most promising new markets
       • 400 million Indians not connected to electricity grid
   • new challenges
     • urbanization
       • massive immigration from rural areas to cities
         • people (in cities) need
           • electricity
           • water
           • mass transit
     • demand for energy
       • increase power generation by 700%

3. Partition of India 1947

   • resentment against britain
     • struggle for independance
       • leaders: Gandhi and Neru
         • Gandhi
           • non-violence-philosophy
           • against Partiton
           • was shot by young Hindu fanatic for his tolerance towards Muslims
           • "Mahatma" = "Great Soul"
   • Partition
     • Hindu-dominated India
     • Muslim-dominated Pakistan
   • after Partition
     • sectarian violence
     • widespread displacement of Hindus and Muslims
     • realtionship between Pakistan and India tense until today