'If' Poem by Rudyard Kipling

'If' Poem by Rudyard Kipling

1. Themes:

   • Success
     • a checklist to success (success criteria)
   • Failure
     • what could happen in life and how to get past it
   • Possibilities
     • the chances his son could get as an adult
   • Determination
     • what his son needs to get where he wants to be
   • Growing Up
     • the father is giving his son a list on how to become a man

2. Form and Structure

   • Regular Rhyming Sceme
     • ABABCDCD
     • every alternate line rhymes
     • gives a sence of control and order
   • Didactic Poem
     • poem designed to give instructions
       • father to son
         • superior power giving instruction to a younger famiy member
       • instructing his son how to control his life

3. Language Techniques

   • use of 'you' emphasizes didactic nature
     • giving reader advice. making reader ask questions about our own lives
     • makes poem more personal
   • Capitalisation
     • 'Triumph' and 'Disaster'
       • both concepts are personified
       • treat both of them the same
       • remain grounded and positive
   • Repitition
     • 'If' or 'If you'
       • makes the poem seem like a checklist
       • emphasizes unending possibilities of opportunities.
         • unpredictability of life
   • need to prepare his son
   • Juxtaposition
     • 'Kings' and 'Commen'
       • wants his son to stay humble and grounded.
         • universal nature
       • keep your head up in all situation
       • stay calm

4. Poem is about a father talking to his son. He is giving him a sort of checklist on how to keep control of your life and become a man.