Past simple

Past simple

1. Interrogative sentences (?)

   • Did + subject + infitinive verb + complement + ?
     • Example: Did he run in the park afternoon?
       • Yes, he did. No, he didn't
       • Why did he run in the park afternoon?
         • Because he need to exercise for his health.
     • Example: Did she feed the dog?
       • Yes, she did. No, she didn't.
       • When did she feed the dog?
         • She feed the dog yesterday.
     • Yes/No questions.
       • Wh questions Why = Por qué When = Cuando Who = Quién-quiénes What = Qué-cuál Which = Qué-cuál Where= Dónde

2. Summary

   • Most regular verbs: + ed
     • Verbs ending with -e: + d
       • Verbs ending with consonant + y: -y, +ied
         • Verbs ending with vowel + y: +ed
           • Verbs ending with vowel, consonant & vowel: x2 consonant, + ed
   • Irregular verbs: No rules Negatives: didn't + verb (base) Negative of "was" & "were": wasn't, weren't.

3. Subjects

   • Affirmative sentence. Subject + main verb Example: He was a soldier.
   • Negative sentence. Subject + "to be" in past (was/were) + "not" Example: He wasn't a soldier.
   • Interrogative sentence. "To be" in past (was/were) + subject + ? Example: Was he a soldier or a police?

4. Affirmative sentences (+)

   • Subject + past simple verb
     • Regular verbs
       • 1. Si termina en "y" y antecede consonante, eliminamos la "y" y agregamos "ied" examples: study/studied, try/tried, cry/cried.
       • 2. Si el verbo termina en C + V + C y tiene mayor fuerza de voz en esa última sílaba, duplicamos la última consonante y agregamos "ed" examples: stop/stopped, jog/jogged, commit/committed.
         • Example: She stopped her car when the light turn into red.
       • 3. Si el verbo termina en "e", agregamos solo "d" examples: love/loved, dance/danced.
         • Example: Carlos dancen at the disco with Sofia last week.
       • 4. A todos los demás verbos que no cumplen ninguna de las tres reglas solo agregamos "ed" examples: work/worked, kiss/kissed, travel/traveled, assit/assited.
     • Irregular verbs
       • i + c + e → Cambiamos la vocal "i" por la "o" examples: write/wrote, ride/rode, drive/drove
         • Example: Edgar Allan Poe wrote the raven in January 1845.
       • e e → Eliminamos una "e" y agregamos al final una "t" examples: keep/kept, sleep/slept, feel/felt.
       • Cambiamos la "i" por la "a" examples: begin/began, swim/swam, drink/drank.
         • Example: Diego swam last summer in a pool for exercise.
       • Convertidas al pasado terminan en ought verb examples: buy/bought, think/thought, bring/brought.
       • Irregular verbs exceptions: cost, put, hit, cut & shut.

5. Negative sentences (-)

   • Subject + did not (didn't) + infinitive verb + complement.
     • Example: They didn't drink water even thought is hot.
     • Example: She didn't go to the wedding of her best friend because she was sick.

Images and files in the map