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Unit 5

Juan Carlos Meza Inglés Spanish

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Unit 5

present perfect
- we form the present perfect with the auxiliary verb
  - have+past participle of the main verb
    - I/we/you/they+have+past particple verb
    - he/she/it+ has-hasn´t/+ past participle verb
    - Have+I/we/you/they/past participle verb+?
- to talk about something that happened before now, at an indifinite time in the past
- to talk about experiences, especially with ever and never
- to talk about recent events
- been and gone
  - the verb go has 2 past participle forms
    - been and gone
      - we use been when we know that someone has returned from a journey
        "lucia has been to japan"(she is back now)
      - we use gone when the person has not returned from a journey
        lucia has gone to japan (she is still in japan)
- uses
- ever and never
  - in present perfect questions, we often use ever
    - at any time time in the past
      - "have you ever tried italian food?"
  - to express a negative, we can use never
    - at no time in the past+ afirmative verb
      - "I have never tried italian food"
- present perfect and past simple
  - present perfect
    - for experiencies and actions that happened at an indifinte time in the past
      - "have you ever been to germany?"
    - for finished or unifinished actions and situations that have conection with the present
      - "i have lived in Tlaxcala all my life"
  - past simple
    - for actions that happened at a specific point in the past, usually with time expressions "yesterdady, last week, etc.
      - gerardo went to germany last year
    - for finished actions and situations that happened in a period of time that has ended
      - i lived in italy from 2002 to 2008
- present perfect with already, just and yet
  - just
    - we use just before the past participle in affirmative sentences and questions to talk about someting that happened immediatly before the moment of speaking
      - "i have just finished making the dinner
  - already
    - we use already before the past participle in affirmative sentences and questions to talk about something that happened sooner than expected
      - Mr Smith has already arrived. He´s an hour early
  - yet
    - we use yet at the end of the sentence in negative sentences and questions to talk about something that was expected to happen, but wich hasnt happened
      - robert hasnt called yet. we are still waiting
- present perfect with for and since
  - we use perfect with for and since to say how long a situation has existed
    - for
      - we use for with a period of time: for a few seconds, for a day, two weeks, etc
    - for
      - we use since with a specific time
adjetive suffixes: -ing and -ed
- -ing
  - An adjective that ends in -ING is used to describe: the characteristic of a person, a thing or a situation.
- -ed
  - An adjective that ends in -ED is used to describe: a feeling (or how a person feels) or an emotion.
adjetive: suffixes : -ing and -ed
- -ing
  - An adjective that ends in -ING is used to describe: the characteristic of a person, a thing or a situation.
    - Im boring
- -ed
  - An adjective that ends in -ED is used to describe: a feeling (or how a person feels) or an emotion.
    - im bored
noun suffixes : -ment and -ion
- -ment
  - The suffix -ment tells you that the word is a noun. This suffix means "action or process.
    - argument
    - development
    - encouragement
- ion
  - is another extremely common noun suffix. It also means "a state of being."
    - information
    - impression
    - decision
base and strong adjetives
- hot= boiling
- cold= freezing
- angry= furious
- big= huge
- small= tiny
houses and homes
- block of flats
- bungalow
- caravan
- cottage
- castle
- detached house
- mansion
- semi-detached
- tent
- terraced house