Info. Input, process and output

Info. Input, process and output

1. Not only in computers

   • Process shared by Humans, Info. Systems, and Computers
     • Info. enters (input)
       • Info. is processed in a microprocessor
         • Info. is stored in a memory device
         • A response is given (output)
   • In case of humans
     • Senses recieve info. (input)
       • Brain analyses info.
         • Brain keeps info. in memory
         • A response or reaction is given (output)

2. Dialog, communication and understanding

   • Human
     • Analog
       • Waves that let us hear, they vary in tone speed and volume
   • Electric devices
     • Digital lenguaje (binary)
       • 2 states: on and off (1 and 0) to understand instructions and process information
         • Each 1 and 0 is called a "bit(b)"
       • Sequences of 8 bits = Byte(B)
         • Smallest data unit = byte
           • Bigger memory/data units
             • Megabyte = 2^20 bytes
             • Gigabyte = 2^30 bytes
             • Terabyte = 2^40 bytes
             • Actual computers have usually 500 Gigabytes of hard disk memory
         • ASCII code (representation of numbers)
           • 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 = combination of bits, each one representing a number
             • A 1 in a numerical slot means that number is "on", several 1's in different slots mean an addition
       • To represent
         • Images
           • Colors assigned to codes up to 32 bits
         • Vectors
           • Graphics designed by mathematical equations formulated by binary codes
         • Videos
           • Bits ordered in form of "bitmaps"
         • Music
           • Collected in intervals stored as numeric data of up to 16 bits
       • Unicode
         • Character codification to represent the alphabet in various languajes
           • Chinese
           • Korean
           • Japanese
           • 16 bits