Fluids mechanics

Fluids mechanics

1. Static

   • P= head x density x gravity

2. a substance that does not permanently resist distortion

   • Gases
     • Compressible
   • Liquids
     • Imcompressible
   • vapours

3. Fluid dynamics

   • Flowing
     • Reynolds No.
       • Behaviour
         • Laminar or viscous flow
         • Turbulence
       • The instability of the flow pattern can be predicted in terms of the velocity and the viscous force
         • kinetic forces/ viscous forces
     • f(density, viscosity)
       • Viscosity
         • Resist to flow
         • temperature and pressure dependent
         • arrangement, concentration and molecular weight
       • Density
         • temperature and pressure dependent
     • Terminology
       • Volumetric flowrate, m3/s
       • Mass flowrate, kg/s
       • superficial velocity
       • average velocity, m/s
   • Continuity equation
     • Conservation
       • Mass
         • mass in = mass out
       • Energy
         • 1st law thermodynamic
           • Overall mechanical energy balance
             • To determine the capacity of pump
             • To measure flow
               • Venturi meter
               • Pitot tube
             • Total F=friction loss
               • Pressure different due to friction
                 • Straight pipe
                   • Laminar
                   • Turbulence
                   • Moody chart
                   • Material of pipe
                 • Fittings
   • Pump selection
     • kinetic
       • very dilute
     • Positive displacement
       • viscous, high pressure

4. force acts on it

   • Shear stress
   • normal stress
     • pressure

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