Computer's Networks

Computer's Networks

1. Main(Hosts) roles

   • Client
     • Consumes the network
   • Server
     • Provides the Network

2. Networking Structures: hosts Roles

   • Peer to Peer Networking
     • Provide & consume Network; the hosts are clients and servers.
       • Pro's
         • Easy and unexpensieve
       • Cons
         • Difficult to control. There is no central control.
   • Client/Server
     • There is a specific provider, and clients (who do not provide networks).
       • Cons
         • The Server is Expensieve (unless it is Linux).
       • Pros
         • It is easy to nsupport, and the clients are unexpensieve.

3. Topologies

   • Structure of a network; organized physically or mentally.
     • Bus
       • There is a central cable (like a backcone); and the clients are connected to this backbone.
     • Ring
       • Data travels around in a ring, in one direction. There is no server.
     • Hybrid
       • For example a tree network (bus and star combinated). Or a star.ring network.
     • Mesh
       • All are connected with all.
     • Point-to-Point
       • The simplest type of topology, between two end points.
     • Star
       • All the clients are connected to a hub (what connects multiple computers or other network devices together).
     • Daisy Chain
       • A linear Network, but it works on both directions.

4. Local Area Network

   • LAN
     • Local Area Netwrok
       • Geographycally close
         • Printer, for example, uses LAN,
   • WLAN
     • Or Wireless LAN
       • Wide Area
         • Hospitals and business are expexted to use WLAN.

5. Signaling

   • Baseband
     • One signal at a time.
     • Uses the whole wire
   • Broadband
     • Divided into Chanels
       • Multiple signals at a time.

6. Wires

   • Coaxial
     • Older technology
       • Share a common acces, it uses 10 MBp/s; it is resistance and expensive
         • Types
           • RG-58: Computer Networking
           • RG-59: Cable T.V
           • RG-6: Satellitle T.V
   • Twisted Pair
     • 4 pairs = 8 wires
       • 22, 24 Gauge
     • May be affected by EMI (ElectroMagnetic Interference), but they cancel each other if they are twisted; although, the environment also has EMI.
     • Shielded twisted pair/Unshielded twisted pair
       • Expensieve
         • Categories
           • Cat 3
           • Cat 5
             • 1,000MB
           • Cat 5E
             • Better protection
           • Cat 6
             • Fast
     • Very Common
   • Fiber Optic
     • Light waves, not electrical
       • Binary lenguage
       • Long distances
         • Expensieve
       • Do not have EMI
       • Types
         • Single Mode/Ray
           • Micronsdian
           • Veru long disrttance
           • Expensieve
         • Multimode
           • Thiker core
             • 50-100 microns
           • Diferent frequences
           • Bounce a lot
         • They can be mixed with twited pair cable, because of its expensiveness.

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