Key Events 1900 - 1925

Key Events 1900 - 1925

1. Indian Mutiny 1857

   • Mixture of political grievances and religious fears
     • Newly issued cartridges had been greased with either beef fat or pork fat
   • British never quite trusted India again

2. Partition of Bengal 1906

   • Poor administration of Bengal
   • Divide and rule
     • Hindus outraged
   • Created a majority Muslim province

3. All India Muslim League 1906

   • Created to protect Muslim interests

4. Congress Split 1907

   • Splits into extremists and moderates
   • Maintain control

5. Morley- Minto Reforms 1909

   • Backlash against Partition of Bengal
   • 60 Indian reps on executive council
   • Provincial councils enlarged
   • Congress expected to be outraged
   • Muslims satisfied
   • Indians realised nothing much had changed

6. Indian Councils Act 1909

   • Reforms made into laws
   • changes in the provincial, central and executives councils
   • Muslims satisfied
     • got seats in council
   • Congress didn't support

7. Home Rule Leagues 1916

   • Tilak
     • Radical
       • Rapidly gained 32,000 members
   • Annie Besant
     • grew more slowly

8. Lucknow Pact 1916

   • Hindus & Muslims working together aiming for self government
   • Set out what they would do if given independence

9. Montagu Declaration 1917

   • Direct response to the Lucknow Pact
   • Eventual home rule for India to keep Indians on side

10. Rowlatt Act 1919

    • Imprisonment without trial
    • Search without warrant
    • People protested

11. Amritsar Massacre 1919

    • General Dyer banned all public meetings and arrested local politicans
    • Resentment for the Rowlatt Acts
    • British feared uprising and mutiny
    • Dyer opened fired on the Jallianwala Bagh meeting
      • 379 killed
      • 1200 wounded
    • Hunter Inquiry
      • Whether Dyer did the right thing
      • British never trusted again

12. Government of India Act/Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms 1919

    • Set out dyarchy ( 2 part power at provincial level)
    • Act set out 3 significant features
      • self government in the future
      • changes to the composition of councils & the electorate
      • division of governmental responsibilities
    • British - law, economy, foreign policy
    • India - health, education, agriculture

13. Non-cooperation movements 1919-1921

    • 1st - blue indigo growers in Bihar - successful
    • 2nd - Anger towards General Dyer
      • Ended because of violence
      • 22 policeman burned in Chauri Chaura

14. Moplah Rebellion 1921

    • Muslims turned on Hindus & killed 600
    • Forcefully converted 2000