Air pollution - created from Mind Map

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Causes

Forms

Sources

Effect

*Pollution is any change in the air,water & noise level that has a negative effect on life and health.

How to protect the environment ?

Emissions from industries : industries emits a lot of carbon monoxide & other chemicals into the air.

Burning Fossil Fuels: humans rely heavily on vehicles which burn a lot of fossil fuels such as carbon monoxide.

Household and Farming Chemicals: cleaning products or painting supplies emit harmful chemicals that causes pollution.

chemical runoff from farms can pollute the water

1- particulate: are tiny particles in the air, such as dirt, soot, ashes & pollen.

2- Motor vehicle emissions: chemicals released into air from motor vehicle fuels. it pollutes the air with carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, & nitrogen oxides. in addition vehicle emission has been linked to cancer respiratory problems & other environmental problems.

3- Thermal inversion: is a condition that occurs when a layer of warm air forms above a cooler layer of air, which traps pollution in the cooler layer. in addition it keeps smog from rising.

4- Smog is a combination of smoke & fog, it contains ozone, a gaseous pollutant that can be harmful when inhaled.

note: ozone makes a part of the earths upper atmosphere where is acts as a shield against the damaging UV rays of the sun. ozone at the ground level is formed when pollutants sources undergo a chemical reaction in presence of light energy from the sun. ozone can affect the respiratory system causing asthma attacks & damage lung cells.

Low Level Ozone

Particular matter (PM)

Carbon monoxide

Sulfur dioxide

Nitrogen oxide

Lead

-The ground level ozone is when chemicals react in the presence sunlight. Ex:Smog (Brownish haze). -Effects: Breathing difficulties, it can worsen respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchits and emphysema.

-Small particles form in the air. Ex:Dust,Soil,Soot,Smoke,Mold and droplets of liquid. -Effects: It cause breathing difficulties, certain lung diseases and heart attacks.

-Colorless gas that forms when carbon fuel is not burned completely. Ex: Automobile exhaust and industrial processes. -Effects: Harming the body by preventing the Oxygen from reaching the body and can be deadly.

-It comes from plants that burn coal. -Effects: Harmful to the plants and animals.

-It form when fuel is burned at high temperature. Ex: Motor vehicles and power plants. -Effects: Contributes to the formation of ground level ozone, acid rain, PM, and other toxic chemicals.

-Found in the environment and manufactured products. -Effects: Damage the kidney, liver, brain, and nerves. Can cause cardiovascular disease and anemia.

Global warming : is a trend of increasing global temperature. Global warming leads to a lot of ecological disasters such as flooding, stronger tropical storms, the loss of biodiversity & the melting of the polar ice pack.

Green house effect: it occurs when greenhouse gases molecules absorb energy reradiated by Earth's surface and slow the release of this energy from Earth's atmosphere..

changes in temperature are caused by the increased levels of green house gases (Co2+ water+ methane) that increase due to the growth of industry & use of automobiles.

Global warming leads to a lot of ecological disasters such as flooding, stronger tropical storms, the loss of biodiversity & the melting of the polar ice pack.

Green house gases act as insulators & slow the loss of heat through the atmosphere

Important Notes

* Pollutant: is anything that causes pollution, Ex: gases produces by the cars.

* Environmental ProtectionAgency(EPA) is a regulatory agency responsible for reducing and controlling environmental pollution.

function of EPA: enforce rules for environmental programs, Assesses environmental conditions and seeks solutions, Seeks to increase people’s awareness about the environment.

1- Stop pollution of the air, water, and land.

2- Conserve natural resources.

Improve living conditions for all. For example, avoid making unnecessary noise