Extra Reading (Not Completed)

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Bertrand Russell - Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description” (1910)

The Problems of Philosophy (1912)

Read: Gettier, “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?” Analysis, 23(6): 121-123. As you do so, think about Gettier’s challenge to the tripartite definition of knowledge.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-38508089

Linda Zagzebski’s “Knowledge and the Motive for Truth

http://fitelson.org/prosem/zagzebski.pdf

Now answer the following questions, keeping your answers for revision purposes:

• What are the differences between modern philosophers and ancient philosophers, such as Plato, regarding getting to truth and knowledge?

• Why does Zagzebski decide that there are at least three levels of getting the truth?

• What is the difference between the reflective and pre-reflective consciousness?

• What is epistemic conscientiousness and how does it relate to a conscientious person?

• Write 100 words on what Zagzebski argues are the characteristics of an epistemically conscious person.

• What are the characteristics of a viciously motivated believer?

• What is “easy knowledge” and what is its relation to her definition of knowledge?

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