Flashcards
Macromolecules and Polymers
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1What are macromolecules?Macromolecules are complex molecules with a relatively large molecular mass
E.g. proteins, some carbohydrates and lipids - 2What are polymers?Large, complex molecules composed of long chains of monomers joined together
E.g. most carbohydrates and all proteins
Polymers are a group of macromolecules - 3What are monomers?Monomers are small, basic molecular units (e.g. monosaccharides and amino acids)
- 4What is a condensation reaction?A condensation reaction forms a glycosidic bond between monomers, releasing a molecule of water
- 5What is a hydrolysis reaction?A hydrolysis reaction breaks the glycosidic bond between monomers using a water molecule. It is the opposite of a condensation reaction
- 6What elements make up carbohydrates?C H O
- 7What elements make up lipids?C H O
- 8What elements make up proteins?C H O N S
- 9What elements make up nucleic acids?C H O N P
- 10What are anions?Negatively charged ions
- 11What are cations?Positively charged ions
- 12What are the uses of phosphates?Vital for the formation of ATP, nucleic acids etc.
Build and repair bones - 13What are the uses of hydrogencarbonate?Vital to pH buffering system
Regulates pH in small intestine - 14What are the uses of nitrates?Source of nitrogen for amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, ATP and some hormones
- 15What are the uses of chlorides?Important for osmotic properties of cell membrane
Needed for CO2 transport in blood - 16What are the uses of sodium?Maintains electrical and osmotic balance
Vital for active transport mechanisms - 17What are the uses of hydrogen?Energy production
Found in water - 18What are the uses of calcium?Keeps bones and teeth strong
Important for muscle contraction and blood clotting - 19What are the uses of potassium?Protein synthesis and respiration
Nerve impulse transmission and other active transport systems
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Macromolecules and Polymers, created by Deleted user on 05/03/2018.
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- Deleted user · Mar 2018
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- Mar 5, 2018
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- Created by Yinka F · Jan 23, 2018
- Copied by Yinka F · Mar 5, 2018
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