Flashcards
Environmental Emergencies
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1ThermoregulationHealth loss - health production
Regulated by hypothalamus - 2Thermoregulation 5 typesEvaporation - loss of water thorugh sweat
radiation - emission of infrared
conduction - direct transfer of health to a cooler object
convection - direct transfer of heat to convective currents of air or water - 3Physiological response to hypothermiainitial increase in metabolic rate
as temp continues to decrease, decreased in metabolic rate, hr, rr , LOC - 4Pathophysiology of hypothermiacardiac - reduced co and hypoptension arrthymias
haemostatic derangement - increased blood viscosity and reduced peripheral circulation
kidnery derangement - volume loss, dehydration
endocrine - glycogen stores are diminished with shivering
hepatic derangement - decreased clearance due to reduced circulation - 5Assessment 3 aims:1- detect hypothermia
2 - determine severity
3 - detect hypothermia - 6Osbourne J wavesj reflections at QRS and ST junctions
commonly present in temps below 35 degress
disappear with rewarming of body - 7Managementprevention of further heat loss, gentle handline, rewarming
- 8Rewarmingpassive - endogenous heat production, with blankets
active external - warm blankets, bear hugger
active core - heat to cavities, warmed IV fluid - 9Heat Illnesscore temp above 41 degrees leads to protein denaturing, loss of energy producing processed and loss of cell membrance function
result: rhabdomylosis, PO, DIC, CVS
mild - life threatening - 10Heat exhaustionDehydration and intravascular fluid depletion, electrolyte loss
Mild CNS dysfunction, postural hypotension - 11Heat stroke1 - exertional - exercise in a thermally stressful environment
2 - classic - impaired thermostatic mechanisms in a hot environment - 12Heat Strokeabove 40. 5 degress
loss of thermoregulation
CNS dysfunction
if untreated - rhabdomyolosis, acute renal failure, CNS damage - 13Heat stroke managementairway and breathing
fluid and electrolyte balance
cooling - 14Serotonin syndromecombinatino of two or more drugs, one is an SSRI
causes high body temperature - 15Neuroleptic malignant syndromereaction to neuroleptic drugs
characterised by fever
risk factors: male, dehydration, agitation - 16NMS aetiologyHaloperidol common cause, also metoclopramide
- 17NMS clinical features and treatmentclinical features: fever, CNS dysfunction, rigidity, seizures
treatment: withdrawal of drug, dantrolene - 18Malignent hyperthermiatriggered by inhalational anaesthetics and muscle relaxants
genetic suseptibility - 19Drowninginterruption of oxygen supply to the brain
form of asyphyxia due to aspiration of fluid
Loc is usually withint 3 minutes of submersion - 20Pathophysiology of drowninghypoxemia of multiple organs and acidosis
CNS damage
involuntary laryngospasm triggered by liquid
myocardial electrical instability, MI - 21Mammalian diving reflexyoung children, suddenly immersed in cold water, apnea, bradycardia, vasoconstriction
- 22Near drowning prognosisalert or mildyunwell
comatose or CPR fixed and dilated pupils
cold-water drowning had neuroprotective effects - 23Resuscitation of a drowning victimPrimary and secondary survey
response
airway chin lift and jaw thrust
flat on back improved survival , exception if there is airway compromise
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Environmental Emergencies, created by Deleted user on 29/08/2018.
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- Deleted user · Aug 2018
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- Aug 29, 2018
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- Created by Elizabeth Then · Aug 29, 2018
- Copied by Elizabeth Then · Aug 29, 2018
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