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L6 The parasympathetic nervous system and cholinergic neurotransmission

Deleted user 7 questions Updated 26 May 2019

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  1. 1Stimulation of the PNS is more organ specific, with discrete innervation. Ganglia are [blank_start]closer[blank_end] to the organs.
    Parasympathetic pre-ganglionic nerve endings release [blank_start]ACh[blank_end], which acts on [blank_start]nicotinic[blank_end] receptors. This is the [blank_start]same[blank_end] as the sympathetic pre-ganglionic nerve endings.
    Post-ganglionic nerve endings release ACh which acts on [blank_start]muscarinic[blank_end] receptors. This is [blank_start]different[blank_end] to the sympathetic post-ganglionic nerves as they release [blank_start]catecholamines[blank_end] to act on [blank_start]adrenergic[blank_end] receptors.
    Remember, muscarinic receptors give slower [blank_start]physiological[blank_end] responses.
    1. Acloser
    2. BACh
    3. Cnicotinic
    4. Dsame
    5. Emuscarinic
    6. Fdifferent
    7. Gcatecholamines
    8. Hadrenergic
    9. Iphysiological
  2. 2Muscarinic receptors are G-protein coupled. Select the muscarinic receptors which have excitatory effects through IP3, instead of inhibitory effects through cAMP.
    1. AM1
    2. BM2
    3. CM3
    4. DM4
    5. EM5
  3. 3M1 receptors are [blank_start]neural[blank_end], and found in the autonomic and enteric [blank_start]ganglia[blank_end], gastric [blank_start]cells[blank_end], and [blank_start]cerebral[blank_end] cortex. M2 receptors are cardiac, found in the [blank_start]SA and AV nodes[blank_end]. M3 receptors are glandular and smooth muscular innervating, and are found in [blank_start]exocrine[blank_end] glands, smooth muscle ([blank_start]GIT, eye, airways, bladder[blank_end]) and blood [blank_start]vessels[blank_end].
    M4 and M5 are within the [blank_start]CNS[blank_end] only.
    1. Aneural
    2. Bganglia
    3. Ccells
    4. Dcerebral
    5. ESA and AV nodes
    6. Fexocrine
    7. GGIT, eye, airways, bladder
    8. Hvessels
    9. ICNS
    10. JPNS
  4. 4Organ specific actions of the PNS:
    Heart, via M2 stimulation:
    • [blank_start]decreased[blank_end] SA node firing
    • [blank_start]decreased[blank_end] AV node conduction
    • [blank_start]decreased[blank_end] heart rate, contractility, and CO
    Lungs, via M3 stimulation
    • [blank_start]constrict[blank_end] bronchial muscle
    • [blank_start]increase[blank_end] secretions
    • [blank_start]decrease[blank_end] airway diameter
    Bladder, via M3 and M2 stimulation
    • [blank_start]Contraction[blank_end] of detrusor
    • [blank_start]Relax[blank_end] sphincter
    • Micturition reflex

    These effects are opposite to the SNS.
    1. Adecreased
    2. Bincreased
    3. Cdecreased
    4. Dincreased
    5. Edecreased
    6. Fincreased
    7. Gconstrict
    8. Hrelax
    9. Iincrease
    10. Jdecrease
    11. Kdecrease
    12. Lincrease
    13. MContraction
    14. NRelaxation
    15. ORelax
    16. PContract
  5. 5Muscarinic agonists mimic the action of [blank_start]ACh[blank_end] at muscarinic receptors. They are agonists at [blank_start]both[blank_end] nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, but more potent at [blank_start]muscarinic[blank_end] receptors. They have [blank_start]few[blank_end] important clinical uses, but the treatment of [blank_start]glaucoma[blank_end] is one of them. M agonists [blank_start]constrict[blank_end] the ciliary muscle for better [blank_start]drainage[blank_end] in the eye, to [blank_start]reduce[blank_end] pressure.
    1. AACh
    2. Bboth
    3. Cmuscarinic
    4. Dfew
    5. Eglaucoma
    6. Fconstrict
    7. Gdrainage
    8. Hreduce
  6. 6Muscarinic antagonists are [blank_start]parasympatholytic[blank_end] drugs and [blank_start]competitive[blank_end] antagonists. All muscarinic antagonists show similar [blank_start]peripheral[blank_end] effects. CNS effects, [blank_start]excitatory[blank_end] and seen especially in children, include restlessness, agitation, hyperactivity, and hyperthermia (from no [blank_start]sweating[blank_end]).
    1. Aparasympatholytic
    2. Bcompetitive
    3. Cperipheral
    4. Dexcitatory
    5. Esweating
  7. 7Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit [blank_start]cholinesterases[blank_end] from degrading and recycling [blank_start]acetylcholine[blank_end], and therefore increase ACh, enhancing cholinergic [blank_start]neurotransmission[blank_end]. They inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma/butylcholinesterases about equally.
    Anticholinergic toxidrome (unwanted [blank_start]side effects[blank_end] at therapeutic dose) includes mental [blank_start]confusion[blank_end], mydriasis(pupil [blank_start]dilation[blank_end] causing poor eyesight), flushed skin, dry skin, and dry mucous membranes.
    1. Acholinesterases
    2. Bacetylcholine
    3. Cneurotransmission
    4. Dside effects
    5. Econfusion
    6. Fdilation

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User has deleted their subject information Quiz on L6 The parasympathetic nervous system and cholinergic neurotransmission, created by Deleted user on 14/04/2019.
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Deleted user
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English
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Created on 14 Apr 2019 · updated on 26 May 2019
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