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NE7.5 Cognitive enhancers
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1Age related changes to cognitive function:
- Declining performance of: [blank_start]speed[blank_end] of processing, working memory, [blank_start]long[blank_end]-term memory
- Preserved performance of: [blank_start]world knowledge[blank_end]
Mild cognitive impairment affects 10-20% of people >[blank_start]65[blank_end] years, and affects [blank_start]men[blank_end] more than women. It is associated with [blank_start]depression[blank_end], polypharmacy, and uncontrolled [blank_start]CV[blank_end] risk factors.- Aspeed
- Blong
- Cworld knowledge
- D65
- Emen
- Fdepression
- GCV
2Which of these is not a symptom of mild cognitive impairment? (MCI)
- ADiffiuclty in decision making
- BPoor concentration
- CDiffiuclty in abstract thinking
- DDifficulty in finding the right word
- ENeglect of hygiene and/or nutrition
- FMore impulsive
- GEasily distracted
- HForget important events
- IMood fluctuations
3Which of these is not a cognition enhancing drug?
- ACaffeine
- BNicotine
- CAmphetamines
- DCannabinoids
4Treatment options are related to neurotransmitters in the brain regions controlling learning and memory, and temporarily improve dementia symptoms.
[blank_start]Cholinesterase[blank_end] inhibitors:
- E.g. donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine
• For [blank_start]mild[blank_end]-moderate cognitive symptoms
• SEs: [blank_start]Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea,[blank_end] dyspepsia; urinary incontinence; dizziness
• Serious SEs: [blank_start]heart[blank_end] block and sinus [blank_start]bradycardia[blank_end]
[blank_start]Glutamate antagonist[blank_end] ie Memantine
• Moderate-[blank_start]severe[blank_end] cognitive symptoms OR when cholinesterase inhibitors [blank_start]contraindicated[blank_end]
• SEs: c[blank_start]onstipation, hypertension, dyspnoea,[blank_end] headache, dizziness, drowsiness- ACholinesterase
- BGlutamate antagonist
- Cmild
- DNausea, vomiting, diarrhoea,
- Eheart
- Fbradycardia
- Gsevere
- Hcontraindicated
- Ionstipation, hypertension, dyspnoea,
5Nootropics or ‘smart drugs’:
1. [blank_start]Methylphenidate[blank_end]
• Rx: narcoplepsy, ADHD, ADD
• Blocks DA reuptake
2. [blank_start]Modafinil[blank_end]
• Rx: narcolepsy
• Mechanisms unclear (wake promoting neurons in tuberomammillary nucleus, DAT)
3. [blank_start]Piracetam[blank_end]
• Rx: essential tremor (section 29)
• Facilitates cholinergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic neurotransmission
Long term side effects are unclear.
Short term:
[blank_start]headache, dizziness, nausea[blank_end], [blank_start]psychiatric[blank_end] disorders, [blank_start]cardiovascular[blank_end] symptoms- AMethylphenidate
- BModafinil
- CPiracetam
- Dpsychiatric
- Eheadache, dizziness, nausea
- Fcardiovascular
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- User has deleted their subject information Quiz on NE7.5 Cognitive enhancers, created by Deleted user on 11/10/2019.
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- Created on 11 Oct 2019 · updated on 11 Oct 2019
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