Flashcards
FLASHCARDS: Topic 7.3 - Translation
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1tRNA activating enzymesenzymes that attach a specific amino acid to the tRNA, using ATP for energy; this activates the amino acid
- 2What happens when the amino acid is attached?it is activated by the formation of a bond between the enzyme and AMP, then it is covalently attached to the tRNA
- 3What happens to the energy from the bond between the amino acid and tRNA?it is used to link the amino acid to the growing polypeptide during translation
- 4Initiation of translationthe first tRNA molecule is bound to the first codon (AUG) in the P site
- 5Elongation of translationthe ribosome moves the tRNA at the P site to the E site, the next codon binds at the vacant A site
- 6Termination of translationa stop codon is reached, the free polypeptide is released
- 7Where does the protein go if it was made made by a free ribosome?cytoplasm, mitochondria or chloroplasts
- 8Where does the protein go if it was made by ribosomes bound to the ER?ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, plasma membrane or outside the cell
- 9Why is there a delay between transcription and translation in eukaryotes?because the transcript is modified several times before leaving the nucleus
- 10When does translation happen in prokaryotes? (in relation to transcription)as soon as transcription ends, translation starts
- 11Polysomesstructures visible in an electron microscope that represent multiple ribosomes attached to a single mRNA molecule
- 12Primary structurethe sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide
- 13Secondary structurethe pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone
- 14Tertiary structureinteractions between: positively charged R-groups will interact with negatively charged R-groups, polar R-groups that form H bonds with other polar R-groups
- 15Quaternary structurewhen polypeptides fit together when there's more than one chain
it also refers to the addition of non-polypeptide components
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on FLASHCARDS: Topic 7.3 - Translation, created by Deleted user on 20/02/2020.
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- Deleted user · Feb 2020
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- Feb 20, 2020
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- Created by Blen Abate · Feb 18, 2020
- Copied by Blen Abate · Feb 20, 2020
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