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Retail and Leisure
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Retail and Leisure
Definitions
- Catchment Area- The area of a shop from which it gets its customers
- Convenience goods- Low cost items that consumers buy frequently eg milk and bread
- Comparison goods- More expensive items that consumers buy less frequently eg clothes and TV
- Range- The distance that a consumer is willing to travel to buy a product. Convenience goods have a shorter range than comparison goods
- Threshold- The minimum population needed to create a demand for an item or service. It depends on the value of the product
- High street- The location of all major retail activities such as shops and malls
- Out-of-town shopping- A retail park located in the suburbs of a city
- Internet shopping- When the internet and tech devices are used for ordering products
- Honeypot site- A popular visitor attraction or area where large numbers of people visit. It is a natural area
- Internet shopping- When the internet and tech devices are used for ordering products
- Out-of-town shopping- A retail park located in the suburbs of a city
- High street- The location of all major retail activities such as shops and malls
- Threshold- The minimum population needed to create a demand for an item or service. It depends on the value of the product
- Range- The distance that a consumer is willing to travel to buy a product. Convenience goods have a shorter range than comparison goods
- Comparison goods- More expensive items that consumers buy less frequently eg clothes and TV
- Convenience goods- Low cost items that consumers buy frequently eg milk and bread
- Catchment Area- The area of a shop from which it gets its customers
Changing retail patterns
- How has it changed?
- More people shop online
- We spend more on luxury goods
- We do all our shopping in one supermarket rather than different stores
- We can access international goods
- We do all our shopping in one supermarket rather than different stores
- We spend more on luxury goods
- More people shop online
- Factors affecting retail change
- Increased mobility- Higher car ownership means we can travel further and faster
- Changing shopping habits- People shop less frequently but buy more due to more working women
- Changing attitudes- Shopping is seen as more for leisure
- Changing nature of retailing- There are only few large supermarket chains that dominate the market
- Rise of internet shopping- People buy more products online and have more supermarket deliveries
- Changing nature of retailing- There are only few large supermarket chains that dominate the market
- Changing attitudes- Shopping is seen as more for leisure
- Changing shopping habits- People shop less frequently but buy more due to more working women
- Increased mobility- Higher car ownership means we can travel further and faster
- How has it changed?
Out of Town Retail Centres- The Trafford Centre case study
- Characteristics
- Over 11,500 free parking spaces
- It has over 280 shops
- It has 36 restaurants
- Good access to M1
- It has 36 restaurants
- It has over 280 shops
- Over 11,500 free parking spaces
- Impacts
- Pros
- Creates more services and jobs for the locals- 8000 people are employed here
- Causes more investment in the CBD, leading to pedestrianisation
- Takes stress away from transport in the CBD
- Convenient for local shoppers
- Takes stress away from transport in the CBD
- Causes more investment in the CBD, leading to pedestrianisation
- Creates more services and jobs for the locals- 8000 people are employed here
- Cons
- Causes the closure of high street shops so unemployment increases- cycle of deprivation
- 37% of shops in Altrincham are vacant
- More air and noise pollution in the motorway due to more visitors
- Can cause local businesses to close down due to more competition
- More air and noise pollution in the motorway due to more visitors
- 37% of shops in Altrincham are vacant
- Causes the closure of high street shops so unemployment increases- cycle of deprivation
- Pros
- Characteristics
High street decline and regeneration of CBDs
- Reasons for decline
- Rise in online shopping
- Attraction of out-of-town retail centres
- Rise in crime rates
- Very high rent for shops and residents, causing people to move away
- Rise in crime rates
- Attraction of out-of-town retail centres
- Rise in online shopping
- Impacts of decline
- More shops close ao lower footfall and less profits fro shops
- Derelict buildings may be vandalised so customers feel less safe and shop elsewhere
- Less jobs creates social decline
- Derelict buildings may be vandalised so customers feel less safe and shop elsewhere
- More shops close ao lower footfall and less profits fro shops
- Sheffield Case Study
- Problems
- The out-of-town Meadowhall retail centre caused several shops to close down in the CBD which attracted many vandals
- Solutions
- 100 new shops with a covered roof were built
- 200 modern, safe residential areas were created
- A John Lewis flagmark store was established to improve the marketing reputation
- Improved parking spaces and transport system
- The Retail Quarters has a covered shopping centre
- Improved parking spaces and transport system
- A John Lewis flagmark store was established to improve the marketing reputation
- 200 modern, safe residential areas were created
- 100 new shops with a covered roof were built
- Other regeneration methods
- Pedestrianised zones
- Having special market days such as a Christmas market
- Improve security via CCTV
- More green space
- Improve security via CCTV
- Having special market days such as a Christmas market
- Pedestrianised zones
- Problems
- Reasons for decline
Online Shopping
- How tech is changing retail
- Reduces the footfall in shops as fewer people are physically shopping
- Increases online shopping
- More delivered goods
- Smaller shops in the CBD have closed down
- Increased transport efficiency contributes to globalisation due to world shipping
- People who sell their goods online don't have to pay for rent or electricity
- Online shopping is more convenient as people in rural areas can easily access goods across the world
- People who sell their goods online don't have to pay for rent or electricity
- Increased transport efficiency contributes to globalisation due to world shipping
- Smaller shops in the CBD have closed down
- More delivered goods
- Increases online shopping
- Reduces the footfall in shops as fewer people are physically shopping
- Impacts of Amazon
- Positives
- Creates lots of jobs- 55,000 people in the UK work for Amazon
- Customers can buy a large range of products at a cheaper price
- 3rd party sellers can sell their goods on Amazon, helping businesses
- Customers can buy a large range of products at a cheaper price
- Creates lots of jobs- 55,000 people in the UK work for Amazon
- Negatives
- They put other smaller businesses selling goods at a higher price out of customers
- Independent sellers only get 35% of the profit of their goods
- More deliveries increases air pollution
- Independent sellers only get 35% of the profit of their goods
- They put other smaller businesses selling goods at a higher price out of customers
- Positives
- How tech is changing retail
Case Study- 2015 Rugby World Cup
- Impacts
- Positives
- Small businesses will benefit financially from an increase in customers
- 16,000 people were directly employed due to tournament
- Cardiff gained £316 million from visitors
- The popularity of Cardiff increased, drawing in more businesses to the tourism industry
- Hotels gained profits
- All this creates a positive multiplier effect
- Hotels gained profits
- The popularity of Cardiff increased, drawing in more businesses to the tourism industry
- Cardiff gained £316 million from visitors
- 16,000 people were directly employed due to tournament
- Small businesses will benefit financially from an increase in customers
- Negatives
- Increased litter by large crowds
- Increased congestion in CBD due to more transport used- reduces safety for pedestrians
- More crowds=more noise pollution=disturbs locals
- More transport for tourists for planes and cars increased CO2 emissions, contributing to global warming
- Increased crime rates and more crowds attracts burglars so less safety for residents and tourists
- More transport for tourists for planes and cars increased CO2 emissions, contributing to global warming
- More crowds=more noise pollution=disturbs locals
- Increased congestion in CBD due to more transport used- reduces safety for pedestrians
- Increased litter by large crowds
- Positives
- Legacy
- More investment in sporting facilities so more people do sports so there is better health and fitness
- This improves Cardiff's reputation as a sporting city and attracts more visitors, improving the economy
- Tourists were encouraged to also visit other parts of Wales so rural and urban areas benefit from tourism
- All this makes the economy and health of the future generations more sustainable
- Tourists were encouraged to also visit other parts of Wales so rural and urban areas benefit from tourism
- This improves Cardiff's reputation as a sporting city and attracts more visitors, improving the economy
- More investment in sporting facilities so more people do sports so there is better health and fitness
- Impacts
Case Study- The Lake District
- Background
- It is a honeypot site as it has boating on Lake Windermere, camping sites etc
- It is a National Park- areas of protected natural beauty
- 33% of its economy is contributed by tourism
- It has the highest peaks in England as well as the deepest lakes
- 33% of its economy is contributed by tourism
- It is a National Park- areas of protected natural beauty
- It is a honeypot site as it has boating on Lake Windermere, camping sites etc
- Impacts
- Positive
- Provides local people with job opportunities
- Tourists spend money
- Provides local people with job opportunities
- Negatives
- Footpath erosion- When planst are trampled upon, stones are exposed so are more prone to erosion- 87% of tourist use footpaths
- Tourists drop litter
- Congestion is a problem as it causes air and noise pollution. Boat riding alos causes air pollution
- Animals are disturbed
- Many second homes leads to a housing shortage and can cause local areas to lose their distinct characteristics
- Animals are disturbed
- Congestion is a problem as it causes air and noise pollution. Boat riding alos causes air pollution
- Tourists drop litter
- Footpath erosion- When planst are trampled upon, stones are exposed so are more prone to erosion- 87% of tourist use footpaths
- Positive
- Solutions to problems
- Improved public transport
- Traffic restrictions
- Ban on second homes
- The Fix the Fells Scheme aims at raising money to fix 145 seriously eroded footpaths
- Educational schemes where the NPA (National Park Authority) edcucates people on the issues and what to do to prevent it
- The Fix the Fells Scheme aims at raising money to fix 145 seriously eroded footpaths
- Ban on second homes
- Traffic restrictions
- It is diffiuclt to enforce many laws as a lot of the land is privately owned and peole want money rather than protecting the environment
- Improved public transport
- Background
Information
- Description
- User has deleted their subject information Mind Map on Retail and Leisure, created by Deleted user on 13/11/2022.
- Created by
- Deleted user · Nov 2022
- Updated
- Nov 13, 2022
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- History
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- Created by Meghna Ranjit Nair · Oct 26, 2022
- Copied by Meghna Ranjit Nair · Nov 13, 2022
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