Early Settlement (1600 - 1775)

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Jamestown, Virginia (1607)

chosen for it's easy defense of, with water surrounding three sides.

first English colony established in the New World

one hundred men, under the Virginia Company, set out from England

charter of Chesapeake Bay granted by King James I

members sought gold as well as agricultural pastimes, among them Captain John Smith

by May 1610 only 60 of original 300 settlers survived.

14,000 people migrated by 1624 but only 1,132 were living in the colony, thusly King James I dissolved the Virginia Company officially making it a royal colony.

King James I felt threatened by representative assembly called the House of Burgesses (first institutional instance of self-governance)

Virginia General Assembly fought against the Sugar Act (1764), which they argued was taxation without representation.

Patrick Henry argued agains the Stamp Act (1765)

Committee of Correspondence created by Thomas Jefferson, Richard Henry Lee and Patrick Henry.

Lexington and Concord occurred April 20, 1775

Battle of Great Bridge, December 1775

Captain John Smith

A True Relation of...Virginia (1608)

The Generalle Histoire of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles (1620)

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John Rolfe

married Pocahontas (1614) creating an eight-year period of peace between Natives and colonists

successfully crossbreed imported tobacco seed, making tobacco the principle source of revenue in Virginia.

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The Colonial Period

in 1620, Puritans fled England for Holland seeking religious freedom. Having received a patent for land in Virginia, boarded the Mayflower and landed in Cape Cod.

the self-established form of government the Puritans enacted comprised laws that came to be known as the Mayflower Compact.

many Puritans died of disease, malnutrition and exposure.

the Wampanoag Native Americans assisted Pilgrims in learning to cultivate the indigenous crop, maize.

they also established a burgeoning fur and lumber trade.

William Bradford (1590 - 1657)

recorded the Mayflower Compact onboard the ship.

the Mayflower Compact would be one of the primary sources that the founders drew the Declaration of Independence upon.

later became governor of Plymouth in Massachusetts Bay Colony

gained notoriety for his historical account of the colony's origin in Plymouth Plantation (1651).

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Famous Puritans

Anne Bradstreet (1612-1672)

Edward Taylor (1644-1729)

Michael Wigglesworth (1631-1705)

Samuel Sewall (1652-1730)

Mary Rowlandson (1634-1728)

Cotton Mather (1663-1728)

Roger Williams (1603-1683)

John Woodman (1720-17720

Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758)

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Massachusetts Bay Colony

John Winthrop elected governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony and ruled for twelve terms.

banished Roger Williams and Anne Hutchison from the colony.

Roger Williams went on to found the colony of Providence, Rhode Island purchased from Narragansett Indians (1636)

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New Netherlands and Maryland

Henry Hudson created the colony of New Netherlands, now modern-day New York City, through support of Dutch East India Company.

New Netherlands purchased from the Five Nations of Iroquois Indians for $24 and renamed New Amsterdam

Catholic Calvert Family created charter colony of Maryland, obtained from King Charles I (1632)

Religious exiles, mainly Anglican, now being persecuted in England fled to Maryland.

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League of Five Nations of the Iroquois Indians (1570)

assisted the British in their war against the French from 1754 - 1763.

found themselves constantly encroached upon by settlers, who competed with them for natural resources and food.

formed by Oekanawida

comprised of the Seneca, Mohawk, Oneida (elder brothers), Onondaga and Cayuga, later joined by Tuscarora (younger brothers).

written constitution was recorded on 114 wampums (shell beads)

the league had a Council providing each nation a set number of seats.

the Great Law of Peace provide that Iroquois should not kill each other.

the job of creating rules for each tribe and village was left to local and regional - village council and tribal council - governments.

when early colonists began to design a system of government for what would eventually be the United States of America, it borrowed many ideas from the League of Five Nations of the Iroquois Indians.

both governments are still in operation today.

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Pennsylvania colony

William Penn contracted with friend, King Charles II, to receive and populate Pennsylvania.

founded Philadelphia, city of brotherly love.

invited religious dissenters such as Baptists, Moravians, Amish and Quakers, co-existing peacefully with Dutch, English and Swedish settlers.

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Georgia colony (1732)

lead by Governor James Oglethorpe

offered opportunities and freedoms for former prisoners and exiles from England

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Reasons why people emigrated to Jamestown

some women came to Jamestown sent by the Virginia Company as prospective wives for the settlers.

Others came, or were sent to Virginia because of wretched living conditions in 1619 brought about by low employment wages

one hundred boys and girls were sent as apprentices

some criminals were released from jail on the condition they go to the colonies

others who once held high positions but were down on their luck were also sent.

servitude was not easy but offered a way of improving social status by becoming a landowner