Flashcards
Stoichiometry
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1StoichiometryThe study of relative amounts, ratios, of substances involved in chemical reactions
- 2A balanced chemical equation indicatesMole ratio of reactants and products (the relative number of molecules participating in a chemical reaction)
- 3A balanced chemical equation does not indicateThe rate of a reaction
The extent of a reaction
Requires or gives off heat
What temperature or pressure is needed
How individual atoms or molecules are transformed from reactants to products - 4Mass-mass stoichiometryCalculating the mass of one substance in a reaction by using the equation and mass of one of the other substances
-write balanced equation (known and unknown)
-change known mass into moles
-molar ratio used to predict moles
-change the moles into mass - 5Limiting reactantThe reactant completely used up
Determines the amount of product formed - 6Excess reactantAny unreacted reactents
- 7Mass-concentration stoichiometryTwo solutions may be mixed to form a precipitate or solids may dissolve in some solutions to form new products
Same steps as mass-mass but using the formula n=cV - 8Gravimetric analysisQuantitative analysis by mass
- 9Weighing to constant massA repetitive cycle of heating and weighing the sample until no further decrease in mass is detected
- 10AlkalinityA measure of how well a body of water is able to resist changes in pH and therefore withstand acid pollution
- 11BuffersSome solutes in water can act to resist changes in pH0
- 12Volumeteric analysisMeasured volumes of solutions where one is an accurately known concentration and the unknown concentration of the second solution can be determined using stoichiometry
- 13Solution stoichiometryInvolves reactions in solution such as precipitation reactions and the neutralization of an acid and a base
- 14Acid-base titrationsExperimental technique used for volumetric analysis based on neutralisation reactions where the unknown concentration of a solution is determined by reacting it with a solution of known concentration
- 15Standard solutionA solution of known concentratiotn
Prepared by dissolving an accurate amount of solute in water using a volumetric flask calibrated to contain the specific volume - 16BuretteInstrument used to deliver definite but variable volumes of liquid
- 17TitreThe volume of liquid measured by the burette
- 18AliquotA known volume of liquid delivered by a pipette
- 19Equivalence pointPoint at which chemically equivalent amounts of acid and base are present (according to equation)
- 20End pointPoint at which the indicator changes colour usually about one drop after equivalence point but only if carefully chosen to make sure that it is close to the equivalence point
- 21ConcordantTitres within 0.05 mL of each other
- 22Primary standardPure substances that:
-have a high state of purity
-accurately known formula
-stable (not change over time during storage or a reaction with the atmosphere)
-cheap & readily available
- high molar mass so that weighing errors are minimised - 23IndicatorsSubstances that have different colours depending on the pH of their surroundings
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Stoichiometry, created by Deleted user on 06/04/2017.
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- Deleted user · Apr 2017
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- Apr 6, 2017
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- Created by Minoshka Bocarro · Aug 31, 2016
- Copied by dasi anto · Apr 6, 2017
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